Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice
Abstract The perifornical area of the hypothalamus has been known as the center for the defense response, or fight-or-flight response, which is characterized by a concomitant rise in arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory frequency. It is well established that orexin neurons, which are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Molecular Brain |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-021-00818-2 |
| _version_ | 1818621931963809792 |
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| author | Akira Yamashita Shunpei Moriya Ryusei Nishi Jun Kaminosono Akihiro Yamanaka Tomoyuki Kuwaki |
| author_facet | Akira Yamashita Shunpei Moriya Ryusei Nishi Jun Kaminosono Akihiro Yamanaka Tomoyuki Kuwaki |
| author_sort | Akira Yamashita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The perifornical area of the hypothalamus has been known as the center for the defense response, or fight-or-flight response, which is characterized by a concomitant rise in arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory frequency. It is well established that orexin neurons, which are located in this region, play a critical role in this response. In this study, we further examined this role by recording orexin neuronal activity and heart rate in freely moving mice using an original dual-channel fiber photometry system in vivo. Analysis of orexin neuron activity in relation to autonomic responses to aversive stimuli revealed a rapid increase in neuronal activity just prior to changes in heart rate. In addition, we examined whether orexin neurons would be activated by a conditioned neutral sound that was previously associated with aversive stimulus. We show that the memory of the aversive stimulus activated orexin neurons and increased heart rate. Our data suggest that orexin neurons are a key component linking aversive emotions to autonomic defense response. Our data also suggest that targeting orexin neurons may enable treatment of psychiatric disorders associated with chronic stress and traumatic memories. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:17:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28e9b93477b44e92a8079f1ba04ece96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-6606 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:17:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Brain |
| spelling | doaj.art-28e9b93477b44e92a8079f1ba04ece962022-12-21T22:21:39ZengBMCMolecular Brain1756-66062021-06-0114111610.1186/s13041-021-00818-2Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving miceAkira Yamashita0Shunpei Moriya1Ryusei Nishi2Jun Kaminosono3Akihiro Yamanaka4Tomoyuki Kuwaki5Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental ScienceDepartment of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental ScienceDepartment of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental ScienceDepartment of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental ScienceDepartment of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya UniversityDepartment of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental ScienceAbstract The perifornical area of the hypothalamus has been known as the center for the defense response, or fight-or-flight response, which is characterized by a concomitant rise in arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory frequency. It is well established that orexin neurons, which are located in this region, play a critical role in this response. In this study, we further examined this role by recording orexin neuronal activity and heart rate in freely moving mice using an original dual-channel fiber photometry system in vivo. Analysis of orexin neuron activity in relation to autonomic responses to aversive stimuli revealed a rapid increase in neuronal activity just prior to changes in heart rate. In addition, we examined whether orexin neurons would be activated by a conditioned neutral sound that was previously associated with aversive stimulus. We show that the memory of the aversive stimulus activated orexin neurons and increased heart rate. Our data suggest that orexin neurons are a key component linking aversive emotions to autonomic defense response. Our data also suggest that targeting orexin neurons may enable treatment of psychiatric disorders associated with chronic stress and traumatic memories.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-021-00818-2Aversive emotionStressOrexinDefense responseFiber photometry |
| spellingShingle | Akira Yamashita Shunpei Moriya Ryusei Nishi Jun Kaminosono Akihiro Yamanaka Tomoyuki Kuwaki Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice Molecular Brain Aversive emotion Stress Orexin Defense response Fiber photometry |
| title | Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice |
| title_full | Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice |
| title_fullStr | Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice |
| title_short | Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice |
| title_sort | aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice |
| topic | Aversive emotion Stress Orexin Defense response Fiber photometry |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-021-00818-2 |
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