Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism
Language delay is often one of the first concerns of parents of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and early language abilities predict broader outcomes for children on the autism spectrum. Yet, mechanisms underlying language deficits in autistic children remain underspecified. One promin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897187/full |
| _version_ | 1818235032855117824 |
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| author | Susan Ellis Weismer Susan Ellis Weismer Jenny R. Saffran Jenny R. Saffran |
| author_facet | Susan Ellis Weismer Susan Ellis Weismer Jenny R. Saffran Jenny R. Saffran |
| author_sort | Susan Ellis Weismer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Language delay is often one of the first concerns of parents of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and early language abilities predict broader outcomes for children on the autism spectrum. Yet, mechanisms underlying language deficits in autistic children remain underspecified. One prominent component of linguistic behavior is the use of predictions or expectations during learning and processing. Several researcher teams have posited prediction deficit accounts of ASD. The basic assumption of the prediction accounts is that information is processed by making predictions and testing violations against expectations (prediction errors). Flexible (neurotypical) brains attribute differential weights to prediction errors to determine when new learning is appropriate, while autistic individuals are thought to assign disproportionate weight to prediction errors. According to some views, these prediction deficits are hypothesized to lead to higher levels of perceived novelty, resulting in “hyperplasticity” of learning based on the most recent input. In this article, we adopt the perspective that it would be useful to investigate whether language deficits in children with ASD can be attributed to atypical domain-general prediction processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:47:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28f622267e28482bb2bcd4435771d6c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:47:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-28f622267e28482bb2bcd4435771d6c72022-12-22T00:25:25ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-06-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.897187897187Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in AutismSusan Ellis Weismer0Susan Ellis Weismer1Jenny R. Saffran2Jenny R. Saffran3Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United StatesDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United StatesWaisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United StatesDepartment of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United StatesLanguage delay is often one of the first concerns of parents of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and early language abilities predict broader outcomes for children on the autism spectrum. Yet, mechanisms underlying language deficits in autistic children remain underspecified. One prominent component of linguistic behavior is the use of predictions or expectations during learning and processing. Several researcher teams have posited prediction deficit accounts of ASD. The basic assumption of the prediction accounts is that information is processed by making predictions and testing violations against expectations (prediction errors). Flexible (neurotypical) brains attribute differential weights to prediction errors to determine when new learning is appropriate, while autistic individuals are thought to assign disproportionate weight to prediction errors. According to some views, these prediction deficits are hypothesized to lead to higher levels of perceived novelty, resulting in “hyperplasticity” of learning based on the most recent input. In this article, we adopt the perspective that it would be useful to investigate whether language deficits in children with ASD can be attributed to atypical domain-general prediction processes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897187/fullpredictive codinghyperplasticityautismprediction deficitslanguage processing |
| spellingShingle | Susan Ellis Weismer Susan Ellis Weismer Jenny R. Saffran Jenny R. Saffran Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism Frontiers in Psychology predictive coding hyperplasticity autism prediction deficits language processing |
| title | Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism |
| title_full | Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism |
| title_fullStr | Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism |
| title_short | Differences in Prediction May Underlie Language Disorder in Autism |
| title_sort | differences in prediction may underlie language disorder in autism |
| topic | predictive coding hyperplasticity autism prediction deficits language processing |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897187/full |
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