Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils
The use of essential oils is increasingly being investigated among new therapeutic approaches based on medicinal plants and their extracts. With the wide use of synthetic and semi-synthetic antimicrobial drugs, the spread of drug-resistant clinical isolates has increased, and research is directed to...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/435 |
| _version_ | 1797431404167954432 |
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| author | Vivian Tullio Janira Roana Lorenza Cavallo Narcisa Mandras |
| author_facet | Vivian Tullio Janira Roana Lorenza Cavallo Narcisa Mandras |
| author_sort | Vivian Tullio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of essential oils is increasingly being investigated among new therapeutic approaches based on medicinal plants and their extracts. With the wide use of synthetic and semi-synthetic antimicrobial drugs, the spread of drug-resistant clinical isolates has increased, and research is directed towards natural products, such as essential oils, as useful antimicrobial resources. In the context of a prospective infection, we compared the impact of essential oils and common antimicrobial agents on the microbicidal activity of human phagocytes. Here, we present the results of our decades-long investigation into the effectiveness of thyme red oil (26.52% thymol chemotype), tea tree oil (TTO), and Mentha of Pancalieri [(<i>Mentha x piperita</i> (Huds) var. <i>officinalis</i> (Sole), form <i>rubescens</i> (Camus) (<i>Lamiaceae</i>)] essential oils on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) capacity to kill clinical strains of <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>C. krusei</i> when compared to three antifungal drugs used to treat candidiasis (fluconazole, anidulafungin, and caspofungin) These essential oils demonstrate antifungal drug-like and/or superior efficacy in enhancing intracellular killing by PMNs, even at subinhibitory concentrations. Our results are compared with data in the literature on essential oils and immune system interactions. This comparison would aid in identifying therapeutic solutions to the increasingly prevalent antibiotic resistance as well as filling in any remaining knowledge gaps on the bioactivity of essential oils. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-28ff8d753dc44c03af939624a3239415 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-28ff8d753dc44c03af939624a32394152023-12-02T00:43:16ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128143510.3390/molecules28010435Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential OilsVivian Tullio0Janira Roana1Lorenza Cavallo2Narcisa Mandras3Department Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyDepartment Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyDepartment Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyDepartment Public Health and Pediatrics, Microbiology Division, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, ItalyThe use of essential oils is increasingly being investigated among new therapeutic approaches based on medicinal plants and their extracts. With the wide use of synthetic and semi-synthetic antimicrobial drugs, the spread of drug-resistant clinical isolates has increased, and research is directed towards natural products, such as essential oils, as useful antimicrobial resources. In the context of a prospective infection, we compared the impact of essential oils and common antimicrobial agents on the microbicidal activity of human phagocytes. Here, we present the results of our decades-long investigation into the effectiveness of thyme red oil (26.52% thymol chemotype), tea tree oil (TTO), and Mentha of Pancalieri [(<i>Mentha x piperita</i> (Huds) var. <i>officinalis</i> (Sole), form <i>rubescens</i> (Camus) (<i>Lamiaceae</i>)] essential oils on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) capacity to kill clinical strains of <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>C. krusei</i> when compared to three antifungal drugs used to treat candidiasis (fluconazole, anidulafungin, and caspofungin) These essential oils demonstrate antifungal drug-like and/or superior efficacy in enhancing intracellular killing by PMNs, even at subinhibitory concentrations. Our results are compared with data in the literature on essential oils and immune system interactions. This comparison would aid in identifying therapeutic solutions to the increasingly prevalent antibiotic resistance as well as filling in any remaining knowledge gaps on the bioactivity of essential oils.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/435essential oilsantifungal activityyeastsimmune systemPMNsintracellular killing |
| spellingShingle | Vivian Tullio Janira Roana Lorenza Cavallo Narcisa Mandras Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils Molecules essential oils antifungal activity yeasts immune system PMNs intracellular killing |
| title | Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils |
| title_full | Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils |
| title_fullStr | Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils |
| title_short | Immune Defences: A View from the Side of the Essential Oils |
| title_sort | immune defences a view from the side of the essential oils |
| topic | essential oils antifungal activity yeasts immune system PMNs intracellular killing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/435 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT viviantullio immunedefencesaviewfromthesideoftheessentialoils AT janiraroana immunedefencesaviewfromthesideoftheessentialoils AT lorenzacavallo immunedefencesaviewfromthesideoftheessentialoils AT narcisamandras immunedefencesaviewfromthesideoftheessentialoils |