Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and their role in the control of aphid populations are discussed. The chrysopids of temperate zones face seasonal changes and must escape cyclic adversity. One way is via the number of broods per year. Most green lacewings are faculta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science
2005-08-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Entomology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.eje.cz/artkey/eje-200503-0002_Seasonal_adaptations_of_green_lacewings_Neuroptera_Chrysopidae.php |
| _version_ | 1818963443516964864 |
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| author | Michel CANARD |
| author_facet | Michel CANARD |
| author_sort | Michel CANARD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and their role in the control of aphid populations are discussed. The chrysopids of temperate zones face seasonal changes and must escape cyclic adversity. One way is via the number of broods per year. Most green lacewings are facultatively multivoltine, with the succession of generations most often regulated by photomediated diapause. Others are univoltine and some extend their life-cycle to two years in cold or dry environments. Synchronization is an important feature of seasonality, often starting in spring. In univoltine species, it is sometimes the result of subtle mechanisms, such as double contradictory signals (short plus long day lengths) for reactivation in spring, or a multi-receptivity of the preimaginal instars to photoperiod throughout a year, combined with photo-controlled and synchronized egg laying in late summer. Only one North American species is known to enter a surnumerary food-mediated diapause in summer. Every postembryonic instar may undergo diapause depending on the species. The timing and impact of the spring resumption in aphid consumption depends on their overwintering strategy.As far is known, chrysopids are intolerant of freezing, but their supercooling points are low enough to enable them to endure hard frost. The numbers of overwintering specimens of green lacewings in the field depend on the structure of the assemblages in the previous growing season. Three examples are used to show that the overwintering populations are different in the different biotopes and dependent on the way the dominant species overwinter. Artificial chambers proposed for overwintering adults of common green lacewings afford them protection during diapause and enhance their predatory efficiency in spring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:45:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-290eb7701e604b9ca7f05211646a3854 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1210-5759 1802-8829 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T12:45:18Z |
| publishDate | 2005-08-01 |
| publisher | Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Entomology |
| spelling | doaj.art-290eb7701e604b9ca7f05211646a38542022-12-21T19:40:19ZengInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of ScienceEuropean Journal of Entomology1210-57591802-88292005-08-01102331732410.14411/eje.2005.049eje-200503-0002Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)Michel CANARD047 chemin Flou de Rious, F-31400 Toulouse, France; e-mail: michel.canard@wanadoo.frSeasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and their role in the control of aphid populations are discussed. The chrysopids of temperate zones face seasonal changes and must escape cyclic adversity. One way is via the number of broods per year. Most green lacewings are facultatively multivoltine, with the succession of generations most often regulated by photomediated diapause. Others are univoltine and some extend their life-cycle to two years in cold or dry environments. Synchronization is an important feature of seasonality, often starting in spring. In univoltine species, it is sometimes the result of subtle mechanisms, such as double contradictory signals (short plus long day lengths) for reactivation in spring, or a multi-receptivity of the preimaginal instars to photoperiod throughout a year, combined with photo-controlled and synchronized egg laying in late summer. Only one North American species is known to enter a surnumerary food-mediated diapause in summer. Every postembryonic instar may undergo diapause depending on the species. The timing and impact of the spring resumption in aphid consumption depends on their overwintering strategy.As far is known, chrysopids are intolerant of freezing, but their supercooling points are low enough to enable them to endure hard frost. The numbers of overwintering specimens of green lacewings in the field depend on the structure of the assemblages in the previous growing season. Three examples are used to show that the overwintering populations are different in the different biotopes and dependent on the way the dominant species overwinter. Artificial chambers proposed for overwintering adults of common green lacewings afford them protection during diapause and enhance their predatory efficiency in spring.https://www.eje.cz/artkey/eje-200503-0002_Seasonal_adaptations_of_green_lacewings_Neuroptera_Chrysopidae.phpchrysopidaegreen lacewingseasonal adaptationdiapausevoltinismoverwinteringcycle synchronizationwintering chambers |
| spellingShingle | Michel CANARD Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) European Journal of Entomology chrysopidae green lacewing seasonal adaptation diapause voltinism overwintering cycle synchronization wintering chambers |
| title | Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) |
| title_full | Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) |
| title_short | Seasonal adaptations of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) |
| title_sort | seasonal adaptations of green lacewings neuroptera chrysopidae |
| topic | chrysopidae green lacewing seasonal adaptation diapause voltinism overwintering cycle synchronization wintering chambers |
| url | https://www.eje.cz/artkey/eje-200503-0002_Seasonal_adaptations_of_green_lacewings_Neuroptera_Chrysopidae.php |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michelcanard seasonaladaptationsofgreenlacewingsneuropterachrysopidae |