Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst
This work presents techno-economic and life-cycle studies focusing on the catalytic conversion of ethanol into hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks. These analyses benefit from recent advancements in catalyst and process development. The consolidated alcohol dehydration and oligomerisation for ethanol-to-hy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524000072 |
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| author | Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe Electo Eduardo Silva Lora K.A. Subramanian Alexander Kozlov Shu Zhang Bilainu Oboirien Yusuf Makarfi Isa |
| author_facet | Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe Electo Eduardo Silva Lora K.A. Subramanian Alexander Kozlov Shu Zhang Bilainu Oboirien Yusuf Makarfi Isa |
| author_sort | Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work presents techno-economic and life-cycle studies focusing on the catalytic conversion of ethanol into hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks. These analyses benefit from recent advancements in catalyst and process development. The consolidated alcohol dehydration and oligomerisation for ethanol-to-hydrocarbon (CADO-ETH) conversion approach, described here, achieves a single-step transformation of wet ethanol vapour into hydrocarbons and H2O using a Ni-doped HZSM-5 catalyst. Catalyst cost estimation using the CatCost model showed that commercial synthesis of Ni/HZSM-5 incurred significant processing costs, which varied greatly depending on the manufacturing scale. Hence, catalyst production using 100 % and 50 % baseline scale production (BSP) requirements resulted in net catalyst costs of $31.4 and $69.9/kg, respectively. Although current CADO products closely resemble gasoline blendstocks, they can also be blended with gasoline fuel at low levels. There is potential for higher-level blending in the future. The operating and annualised capital costs for converting wet ethanol into fuel blendstocks were predicted to be $0.05/L at present and projected to decrease to $0.03/L in the future. This cost is comparable to the unit energy cost of synthesising anhydrous ethanol from wet ethanol, which is $0.02/L. At an oil price of 100 $/bbl, the expected minimum selling prices for the fuel blendstocks produced by CADO are similar to the prices for conventional gasoline. However, at an oil price of $60/bbl, the estimated minimum selling prices for CADO-derived blendstocks are not competitive with conventional gasoline. Nevertheless, considering existing production incentives, the projected minimum selling price for gasoline blendstock is comparable to the oil price of $60/bbl. The LCA shows that the CO2 emissions of gasoline produced from crude oil are 90.2 gCO2 e/MJ, which is 25 %, 53 % and 63 % more than the emissions of gasoline produced from corn starch, sugarcane, and cane cellulose, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the single-step CADO-ETH technology is promising for the production of renewable fuels and offers a potential pathway to reduce the carbon footprint. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:47:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-291348cec64e4173be2d725427452e91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-1745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:47:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
| spelling | doaj.art-291348cec64e4173be2d725427452e912024-01-21T05:10:30ZengElsevierEnergy Conversion and Management: X2590-17452024-04-0122100529Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalystIfeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe0Electo Eduardo Silva Lora1K.A. Subramanian2Alexander Kozlov3Shu Zhang4Bilainu Oboirien5Yusuf Makarfi Isa6School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Corresponding author.Federal University of Itajuba, BrazilIndian Institute of Technology, Delhi, IndiaMelentiev Energy Systems Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RussiaNanjing Forestry University, ChinaDepartment of Chemical Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South AfricaSchool of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South AfricaThis work presents techno-economic and life-cycle studies focusing on the catalytic conversion of ethanol into hydrocarbon fuel blendstocks. These analyses benefit from recent advancements in catalyst and process development. The consolidated alcohol dehydration and oligomerisation for ethanol-to-hydrocarbon (CADO-ETH) conversion approach, described here, achieves a single-step transformation of wet ethanol vapour into hydrocarbons and H2O using a Ni-doped HZSM-5 catalyst. Catalyst cost estimation using the CatCost model showed that commercial synthesis of Ni/HZSM-5 incurred significant processing costs, which varied greatly depending on the manufacturing scale. Hence, catalyst production using 100 % and 50 % baseline scale production (BSP) requirements resulted in net catalyst costs of $31.4 and $69.9/kg, respectively. Although current CADO products closely resemble gasoline blendstocks, they can also be blended with gasoline fuel at low levels. There is potential for higher-level blending in the future. The operating and annualised capital costs for converting wet ethanol into fuel blendstocks were predicted to be $0.05/L at present and projected to decrease to $0.03/L in the future. This cost is comparable to the unit energy cost of synthesising anhydrous ethanol from wet ethanol, which is $0.02/L. At an oil price of 100 $/bbl, the expected minimum selling prices for the fuel blendstocks produced by CADO are similar to the prices for conventional gasoline. However, at an oil price of $60/bbl, the estimated minimum selling prices for CADO-derived blendstocks are not competitive with conventional gasoline. Nevertheless, considering existing production incentives, the projected minimum selling price for gasoline blendstock is comparable to the oil price of $60/bbl. The LCA shows that the CO2 emissions of gasoline produced from crude oil are 90.2 gCO2 e/MJ, which is 25 %, 53 % and 63 % more than the emissions of gasoline produced from corn starch, sugarcane, and cane cellulose, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the single-step CADO-ETH technology is promising for the production of renewable fuels and offers a potential pathway to reduce the carbon footprint.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524000072EthanolGreenhouse gasesLife cycle analysisTechno-economic analysisZSM-5 |
| spellingShingle | Ifeanyi Michael Smarte Anekwe Electo Eduardo Silva Lora K.A. Subramanian Alexander Kozlov Shu Zhang Bilainu Oboirien Yusuf Makarfi Isa Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst Energy Conversion and Management: X Ethanol Greenhouse gases Life cycle analysis Techno-economic analysis ZSM-5 |
| title | Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst |
| title_full | Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst |
| title_short | Techno-economic and life-cycle analysis of single-step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over Ni-doped HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst |
| title_sort | techno economic and life cycle analysis of single step catalytic conversion of bioethanol to fuel blendstocks over ni doped hzsm 5 zeolite catalyst |
| topic | Ethanol Greenhouse gases Life cycle analysis Techno-economic analysis ZSM-5 |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524000072 |
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