Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum
Whip smut, which is caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is an important disease in areas where sugarcane is cultivated in Iran, particularly in the Khuzestan province. The pathogen significantly reduces sugarcane yield, and the use of resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective strategy for managi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Mazandaran
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Genetic Resources |
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| Online Access: | https://sc.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_4544_ea82f18445d12224e36bf4814797beb4.pdf |
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| author | Amal Fazliarab Reza Farokhinezhad Mehdi Mehrabi-Koushki Khosro Mehdikhanlou Koroush Taherkhani |
| author_facet | Amal Fazliarab Reza Farokhinezhad Mehdi Mehrabi-Koushki Khosro Mehdikhanlou Koroush Taherkhani |
| author_sort | Amal Fazliarab |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Whip smut, which is caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is an important disease in areas where sugarcane is cultivated in Iran, particularly in the Khuzestan province. The pathogen significantly reduces sugarcane yield, and the use of resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective strategy for managing the disease. The present study characterized the S. scitamineum strains collected from five commercial sugarcane cultivars (CP69-1062, CP57-614, CP48-103, SP70-1143, and NCo310) based on their morphological and phylogenetic features. The sporidial cultures of the strains appeared in two growth forms: cottony colony and yeast-like. All strains were found to be identical based on the DNA sequences of ITS, COX3, GAPDH, and EF1α regions, and revealed that all strains were identical (100%) to the reference strain of S. scitamineum. The disease incidence of the cultivars varied from 5 to 43% during two consecutive years. Statistical analysis of the growth rates of the strains indicated significant differences. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested that the effects of year, strain, cultivar, and the interaction effect of strain ´ cultivar were significant at a 1% probability level. Our results suggest that IRK310 was the most virulent among all cultivars, with different pathogenicity percentages, while the strain IRK70 had the lowest level of virulence among all strains. Among the tested cultivars, SP70-1143 and CP57-614 showed high resistance to smut. In this research, teliospore populations of whip smut were identified, and disease reactions of the cultivars were assayed. Screening and selecting smut-resistant cultivars can help reduce disease damage in cultivated areas and can serve as a basis for further research on plant disease management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:19:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29199ee0b07d4c59ba8b485ba60cd38b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2423-4257 2588-2589 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:19:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | University of Mazandaran |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Genetic Resources |
| spelling | doaj.art-29199ee0b07d4c59ba8b485ba60cd38b2024-01-03T07:27:23ZengUniversity of MazandaranJournal of Genetic Resources2423-42572588-25892023-09-019220521410.22080/jgr.2023.25498.13564544Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineumAmal Fazliarab0Reza Farokhinezhad1Mehdi Mehrabi-Koushki2Khosro Mehdikhanlou3Koroush Taherkhani4Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of AhvazPlant Production & Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, IranIranian Sugarcane Research and Training Institute (ISCRTI), Ahvaz, IranWhip smut, which is caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, is an important disease in areas where sugarcane is cultivated in Iran, particularly in the Khuzestan province. The pathogen significantly reduces sugarcane yield, and the use of resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective strategy for managing the disease. The present study characterized the S. scitamineum strains collected from five commercial sugarcane cultivars (CP69-1062, CP57-614, CP48-103, SP70-1143, and NCo310) based on their morphological and phylogenetic features. The sporidial cultures of the strains appeared in two growth forms: cottony colony and yeast-like. All strains were found to be identical based on the DNA sequences of ITS, COX3, GAPDH, and EF1α regions, and revealed that all strains were identical (100%) to the reference strain of S. scitamineum. The disease incidence of the cultivars varied from 5 to 43% during two consecutive years. Statistical analysis of the growth rates of the strains indicated significant differences. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested that the effects of year, strain, cultivar, and the interaction effect of strain ´ cultivar were significant at a 1% probability level. Our results suggest that IRK310 was the most virulent among all cultivars, with different pathogenicity percentages, while the strain IRK70 had the lowest level of virulence among all strains. Among the tested cultivars, SP70-1143 and CP57-614 showed high resistance to smut. In this research, teliospore populations of whip smut were identified, and disease reactions of the cultivars were assayed. Screening and selecting smut-resistant cultivars can help reduce disease damage in cultivated areas and can serve as a basis for further research on plant disease management.https://sc.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_4544_ea82f18445d12224e36bf4814797beb4.pdfdisease managementgenetic diversityhousekeeping geneswhip smut |
| spellingShingle | Amal Fazliarab Reza Farokhinezhad Mehdi Mehrabi-Koushki Khosro Mehdikhanlou Koroush Taherkhani Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum Journal of Genetic Resources disease management genetic diversity housekeeping genes whip smut |
| title | Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum |
| title_full | Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum |
| title_fullStr | Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum |
| title_short | Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Whip Smut on Commercial Sugarcane Cultivars and Assessing the Resistance to Sporisorium scitamineum |
| title_sort | morphological and phylogenetic characterization of whip smut on commercial sugarcane cultivars and assessing the resistance to sporisorium scitamineum |
| topic | disease management genetic diversity housekeeping genes whip smut |
| url | https://sc.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_4544_ea82f18445d12224e36bf4814797beb4.pdf |
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