Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice
Gait impairments in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) result from structural and functional deficiencies that generate limitations in the performance of activities and restrictions in individual’s biopsychosocial participation. In a translational way, we have used the conceptual framework proposed by the Int...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/10/1365 |
| _version_ | 1827680021390557184 |
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| author | Lidia Castillo-Mariqueo M. José Pérez-García Lydia Giménez-Llort |
| author_facet | Lidia Castillo-Mariqueo M. José Pérez-García Lydia Giménez-Llort |
| author_sort | Lidia Castillo-Mariqueo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gait impairments in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) result from structural and functional deficiencies that generate limitations in the performance of activities and restrictions in individual’s biopsychosocial participation. In a translational way, we have used the conceptual framework proposed by the International Classification of Disability and Health Functioning (ICF) to classify and describe the functioning and disability on gait and exploratory activity in the 3xTg-AD animal model. We developed a behavioral observation method that allows us to differentiate qualitative parameters of psychomotor performance in animals’ gait, similar to the behavioral patterns observed in humans. The functional psychomotor evaluation allows measuring various dimensions of gait and exploratory activity at different stages of disease progression in dichotomy with aging. We included male 3xTg-AD mice and their non-transgenic counterpart (NTg) of 6, 12, and 16 months of age (n = 45). Here, we present the preliminary results. The 3xTg-AD mice show more significant functional impairment in gait and exploratory activity quantitative variables. The presence of movement limitations and muscle weakness mark the functional decline related to the disease severity stages that intensify with increasing age. Motor performance in 3xTg-AD is accompanied by a series of bizarre behaviors that interfere with the trajectory, which allows us to infer poor neurological control. Additionally, signs of physical frailty accompany the functional deterioration of these animals. The use of the ICF as a conceptual framework allows the functional status to be described, facilitating its interpretation and application in the rehabilitation of people with AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:42:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-291c7cf0e1ae4983b47f363492044717 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:42:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-291c7cf0e1ae4983b47f3634920447172023-11-22T17:30:45ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-10-01910136510.3390/biomedicines9101365Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD MiceLidia Castillo-Mariqueo0M. José Pérez-García1Lydia Giménez-Llort2Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Neuroscience, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, SpainInstitut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, SpainGait impairments in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) result from structural and functional deficiencies that generate limitations in the performance of activities and restrictions in individual’s biopsychosocial participation. In a translational way, we have used the conceptual framework proposed by the International Classification of Disability and Health Functioning (ICF) to classify and describe the functioning and disability on gait and exploratory activity in the 3xTg-AD animal model. We developed a behavioral observation method that allows us to differentiate qualitative parameters of psychomotor performance in animals’ gait, similar to the behavioral patterns observed in humans. The functional psychomotor evaluation allows measuring various dimensions of gait and exploratory activity at different stages of disease progression in dichotomy with aging. We included male 3xTg-AD mice and their non-transgenic counterpart (NTg) of 6, 12, and 16 months of age (n = 45). Here, we present the preliminary results. The 3xTg-AD mice show more significant functional impairment in gait and exploratory activity quantitative variables. The presence of movement limitations and muscle weakness mark the functional decline related to the disease severity stages that intensify with increasing age. Motor performance in 3xTg-AD is accompanied by a series of bizarre behaviors that interfere with the trajectory, which allows us to infer poor neurological control. Additionally, signs of physical frailty accompany the functional deterioration of these animals. The use of the ICF as a conceptual framework allows the functional status to be described, facilitating its interpretation and application in the rehabilitation of people with AD.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/10/1365translational neuroscienceAlzheimer’s diseasegaitmuscular strengthmuscular endurancemotor performance |
| spellingShingle | Lidia Castillo-Mariqueo M. José Pérez-García Lydia Giménez-Llort Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice Biomedicines translational neuroscience Alzheimer’s disease gait muscular strength muscular endurance motor performance |
| title | Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice |
| title_full | Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice |
| title_fullStr | Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice |
| title_short | Modeling Functional Limitations, Gait Impairments, and Muscle Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease: Studies in the 3xTg-AD Mice |
| title_sort | modeling functional limitations gait impairments and muscle pathology in alzheimer s disease studies in the 3xtg ad mice |
| topic | translational neuroscience Alzheimer’s disease gait muscular strength muscular endurance motor performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/10/1365 |
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