Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo fusion and fission. These active processes occur continuously and simultaneously and are mediated by nuclear-DNA-encoded proteins that act on mitochondrial membranes. The balance between fusion and fission determines the mitochondrial morphology and a...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/9/893 |
| _version_ | 1827658930135760896 |
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| author | Mode Al Ojaimi Azza Salah Ayman W. El-Hattab |
| author_facet | Mode Al Ojaimi Azza Salah Ayman W. El-Hattab |
| author_sort | Mode Al Ojaimi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo fusion and fission. These active processes occur continuously and simultaneously and are mediated by nuclear-DNA-encoded proteins that act on mitochondrial membranes. The balance between fusion and fission determines the mitochondrial morphology and adapts it to the metabolic needs of the cells. Therefore, these two processes are crucial to optimize mitochondrial function and its bioenergetics abilities. Defects in mitochondrial proteins involved in fission and fusion due to pathogenic variants in the genes encoding them result in disruption of the equilibrium between fission and fusion, leading to a group of mitochondrial diseases termed disorders of mitochondrial dynamics. In this review, the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of mitochondrial fusion and fission are first discussed. Then, mitochondrial disorders caused by defects in fission and fusion are summarized, including disorders related to <i>MFN2, MSTO1, OPA1, YME1L1, FBXL4, DNM1L</i>, and <i>MFF</i> genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:11:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-291d1e9e976e44b789fdf2f2ff610bbd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:11:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-291d1e9e976e44b789fdf2f2ff610bbd2023-11-23T17:43:10ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752022-09-0112989310.3390/membranes12090893Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related DisordersMode Al Ojaimi0Azza Salah1Ayman W. El-Hattab2College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab EmiratesPediatrics Department, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah 72772, United Arab EmiratesCollege of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab EmiratesMitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo fusion and fission. These active processes occur continuously and simultaneously and are mediated by nuclear-DNA-encoded proteins that act on mitochondrial membranes. The balance between fusion and fission determines the mitochondrial morphology and adapts it to the metabolic needs of the cells. Therefore, these two processes are crucial to optimize mitochondrial function and its bioenergetics abilities. Defects in mitochondrial proteins involved in fission and fusion due to pathogenic variants in the genes encoding them result in disruption of the equilibrium between fission and fusion, leading to a group of mitochondrial diseases termed disorders of mitochondrial dynamics. In this review, the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of mitochondrial fusion and fission are first discussed. Then, mitochondrial disorders caused by defects in fission and fusion are summarized, including disorders related to <i>MFN2, MSTO1, OPA1, YME1L1, FBXL4, DNM1L</i>, and <i>MFF</i> genes.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/9/893mitochondrial diseasesmitochondrial fissionmitochondrial fusionmitochondrial dynamics |
| spellingShingle | Mode Al Ojaimi Azza Salah Ayman W. El-Hattab Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders Membranes mitochondrial diseases mitochondrial fission mitochondrial fusion mitochondrial dynamics |
| title | Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders |
| title_full | Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders |
| title_short | Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, and Related Disorders |
| title_sort | mitochondrial fission and fusion molecular mechanisms biological functions and related disorders |
| topic | mitochondrial diseases mitochondrial fission mitochondrial fusion mitochondrial dynamics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/9/893 |
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