Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i>
<i>Curcuma</i> species are widely used as a food additive and also in various medicinal purposes. The plant is a rich source of essential oil and is predominantly extracted from the rhizomes. On the other hand, the leaves of the plants are usually considered as an agrowaste. The valoriza...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| author | Jawaher J. Albaqami Hamida Hamdi Arunaksharan Narayanankutty Naduvilthara U. Visakh Anju Sasidharan Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi Ademola C. Famurewa Berin Pathrose |
| author_facet | Jawaher J. Albaqami Hamida Hamdi Arunaksharan Narayanankutty Naduvilthara U. Visakh Anju Sasidharan Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi Ademola C. Famurewa Berin Pathrose |
| author_sort | Jawaher J. Albaqami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Curcuma</i> species are widely used as a food additive and also in various medicinal purposes. The plant is a rich source of essential oil and is predominantly extracted from the rhizomes. On the other hand, the leaves of the plants are usually considered as an agrowaste. The valorization of these <i>Curcuma</i> leaf wastes into essential oils is becoming accepted globally. In the present study, we aim to extract essential oils from the leaves of <i>Curcuma longa</i> (LEO), <i>C. aromatica</i> (REO), and <i>C. anguistifolia</i> (NEO). The chemical composition of these essential oils was analyzed by GC-MS. Free radical scavenging properties were evaluated against the radical sources, including DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide. The antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration analysis against Gram positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and Gram negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Salmonella enterica</i>) bacteria. Results identified the compounds α-phellandrene, 2-carene, and eucalyptol as predominant in LEO. The REO was predominated by camphor, 2-bornanone, and curdione. The main components detected in NEO were eucalyptol, curzerenone, α-lemenone, longiverbenone, and α-curcumene. Antioxidant properties were higher in the LEO with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 8.62 ± 0.18, 9.21 ± 0.29, and 4.35 ± 0.16 μg/mL, against DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide radicals. The cytotoxic activity was also evident against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells; the LEO was found to be the most active against these two cell lines (IC<sub>50</sub> values of 40.74 ± 2.19 and 45.17 ± 2.36 μg/mL). Likewise, the results indicated a higher antibacterial activity for <i>Curcuma longa</i> essential oil with respective IC<sub>50</sub> values (20.6 ± 0.3, 22.2 ± 0.3, 20.4 ± 0.2, and 17.6 ± 0.2 mm). Hence, the present study confirms the possible utility of leaf agrowastes of different <i>Curcuma</i> spp. as a possible source of essential oils with pharmacological potential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:19:49Z |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:19:49Z |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2930834a2dc84fb7826f40bcffa404992023-11-24T03:28:11ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-11-011111154710.3390/antibiotics11111547Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i>Jawaher J. Albaqami0Hamida Hamdi1Arunaksharan Narayanankutty2Naduvilthara U. Visakh3Anju Sasidharan4Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi5Ademola C. Famurewa6Berin Pathrose7Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDivision of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, IndiaDepartment of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, IndiaDivision of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, IndiaDivision of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, IndiaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki 482131, NigeriaDepartment of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India<i>Curcuma</i> species are widely used as a food additive and also in various medicinal purposes. The plant is a rich source of essential oil and is predominantly extracted from the rhizomes. On the other hand, the leaves of the plants are usually considered as an agrowaste. The valorization of these <i>Curcuma</i> leaf wastes into essential oils is becoming accepted globally. In the present study, we aim to extract essential oils from the leaves of <i>Curcuma longa</i> (LEO), <i>C. aromatica</i> (REO), and <i>C. anguistifolia</i> (NEO). The chemical composition of these essential oils was analyzed by GC-MS. Free radical scavenging properties were evaluated against the radical sources, including DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide. The antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration analysis against Gram positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and Gram negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Salmonella enterica</i>) bacteria. Results identified the compounds α-phellandrene, 2-carene, and eucalyptol as predominant in LEO. The REO was predominated by camphor, 2-bornanone, and curdione. The main components detected in NEO were eucalyptol, curzerenone, α-lemenone, longiverbenone, and α-curcumene. Antioxidant properties were higher in the LEO with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 8.62 ± 0.18, 9.21 ± 0.29, and 4.35 ± 0.16 μg/mL, against DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide radicals. The cytotoxic activity was also evident against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells; the LEO was found to be the most active against these two cell lines (IC<sub>50</sub> values of 40.74 ± 2.19 and 45.17 ± 2.36 μg/mL). Likewise, the results indicated a higher antibacterial activity for <i>Curcuma longa</i> essential oil with respective IC<sub>50</sub> values (20.6 ± 0.3, 22.2 ± 0.3, 20.4 ± 0.2, and 17.6 ± 0.2 mm). Hence, the present study confirms the possible utility of leaf agrowastes of different <i>Curcuma</i> spp. as a possible source of essential oils with pharmacological potential.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1547<i>Curcuma longa</i><i>Curcuma aromatica</i><i>Curcuma angustifolia</i>essential oilagricultural wasteantibacterial activity |
| spellingShingle | Jawaher J. Albaqami Hamida Hamdi Arunaksharan Narayanankutty Naduvilthara U. Visakh Anju Sasidharan Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi Ademola C. Famurewa Berin Pathrose Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> Antibiotics <i>Curcuma longa</i> <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> essential oil agricultural waste antibacterial activity |
| title | Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> |
| title_full | Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> |
| title_short | Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> and <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> |
| title_sort | chemical composition and biological activities of the leaf essential oils of i curcuma longa i i curcuma aromatica i and i curcuma angustifolia i |
| topic | <i>Curcuma longa</i> <i>Curcuma aromatica</i> <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> essential oil agricultural waste antibacterial activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/11/1547 |
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