Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy
The discordant immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is characterized by ineffective recovery of CD4+T cell counts. The role of regulatory T cells in discordant response to the treatment remains poorly understood both due to the lack of specific and reliable markers...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
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St. Petersburg branch of the Russian Association of Allergologists and Clinical Immunologists
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Медицинская иммунология |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1770 |
| _version_ | 1826534121089794048 |
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| author | L. B. Korolevskaya E. V. Saidakova N. G. Shmagel K. V. Shmagel |
| author_facet | L. B. Korolevskaya E. V. Saidakova N. G. Shmagel K. V. Shmagel |
| author_sort | L. B. Korolevskaya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The discordant immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is characterized by ineffective recovery of CD4+T cell counts. The role of regulatory T cells in discordant response to the treatment remains poorly understood both due to the lack of specific and reliable markers of regulatory T cells and their subset’s heterogeneity. In the present work, we studied two groups of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for more than two years and thus having their viral load suppressed (less than 50 copies of HIV per ml of blood): those who responded (n = 22) and did not respond (n = 19) to the treatment with an increase in their CD4+T cell counts. The control group consisted of uninfected volunteers (n = 23). The CD4+T lymphocyte subset composition was examined by flow cytometry. It was shown that in HIV-infected patients with ineffective immune recovery compared with subjects having a standard response to antiretroviral therapy, the absolute counts of regulatory T cells, as well as CD4+T lymphocytes, was reduced in all maturational subsets: naive cells, central memory, effector memory, and terminally differentiated effectors. That differed immunological nonresponders from patients with a standard response to the treatment, which had a shortage only in naive and central memory regulatory T cell subsets. It is important to note that in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to therapy, the proportion of effector memory regulatory T cells, that posses the most prominent suppressive capacity, was significantly increased compared with that in other CD4+T lymphocyte subsets. Apparently, despite of regulatory T cell deficiency, in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to the treatment, the regulatory T cell pool size is big enough to control CD4+T lymphocyte activation. Nevertheless, the number of regulatory T cells may not be sufficient to suppress the over-activation of immunocompetent cells that are not in the CD4+T lymphocyte subset. This can partly explain the increased cell activation level in patients with a discordant response to therapy as compared with those who have a standard respond to the treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T05:48:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2931d7f6f0ec42a7b4defe625269e47d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1563-0625 2313-741X |
| language | Russian |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-14T02:17:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | St. Petersburg branch of the Russian Association of Allergologists and Clinical Immunologists |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Медицинская иммунология |
| spelling | doaj.art-2931d7f6f0ec42a7b4defe625269e47d2025-03-11T17:59:11ZrusSt. Petersburg branch of the Russian Association of Allergologists and Clinical ImmunologistsМедицинская иммунология1563-06252313-741X2020-04-0122228129010.15789/1563-0625-RTC-17701261Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapyL. B. Korolevskaya0E. V. Saidakova1N. G. Shmagel2K. V. Shmagel3Institute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesPerm Regional Center for Protection against AIDS and Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Ecology and Genetic of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesThe discordant immunologic response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is characterized by ineffective recovery of CD4+T cell counts. The role of regulatory T cells in discordant response to the treatment remains poorly understood both due to the lack of specific and reliable markers of regulatory T cells and their subset’s heterogeneity. In the present work, we studied two groups of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy for more than two years and thus having their viral load suppressed (less than 50 copies of HIV per ml of blood): those who responded (n = 22) and did not respond (n = 19) to the treatment with an increase in their CD4+T cell counts. The control group consisted of uninfected volunteers (n = 23). The CD4+T lymphocyte subset composition was examined by flow cytometry. It was shown that in HIV-infected patients with ineffective immune recovery compared with subjects having a standard response to antiretroviral therapy, the absolute counts of regulatory T cells, as well as CD4+T lymphocytes, was reduced in all maturational subsets: naive cells, central memory, effector memory, and terminally differentiated effectors. That differed immunological nonresponders from patients with a standard response to the treatment, which had a shortage only in naive and central memory regulatory T cell subsets. It is important to note that in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to therapy, the proportion of effector memory regulatory T cells, that posses the most prominent suppressive capacity, was significantly increased compared with that in other CD4+T lymphocyte subsets. Apparently, despite of regulatory T cell deficiency, in HIV-infected patients with a discordant response to the treatment, the regulatory T cell pool size is big enough to control CD4+T lymphocyte activation. Nevertheless, the number of regulatory T cells may not be sufficient to suppress the over-activation of immunocompetent cells that are not in the CD4+T lymphocyte subset. This can partly explain the increased cell activation level in patients with a discordant response to therapy as compared with those who have a standard respond to the treatment.https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1770hiv-infectionantiretroviral therapydiscordant immunological responseregulatory t cellsnaive t lymphocytescentral memory t cellseffector memory t cells |
| spellingShingle | L. B. Korolevskaya E. V. Saidakova N. G. Shmagel K. V. Shmagel Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy Медицинская иммунология hiv-infection antiretroviral therapy discordant immunological response regulatory t cells naive t lymphocytes central memory t cells effector memory t cells |
| title | Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
| title_full | Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
| title_fullStr | Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
| title_short | Regulatory T cell subsets in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
| title_sort | regulatory t cell subsets in peripheral blood of hiv infected patients with discordant response to antiretroviral therapy |
| topic | hiv-infection antiretroviral therapy discordant immunological response regulatory t cells naive t lymphocytes central memory t cells effector memory t cells |
| url | https://www.mimmun.ru/mimmun/article/view/1770 |
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