Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts
The spread of microorganisms causing health-care associated infection (HAI) is contributed to by their intrinsic tolerance to a variety of biocides, used as antiseptics or disinfectants. The natural monomeric stilbenoid resveratrol (RV) is able to modulate the susceptibility to the chlorhexidine dig...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/961 |
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| author | Antonella Migliaccio Maria Stabile Maria Bagattini Maria Triassi Rita Berisio Eliana De Gregorio Raffaele Zarrilli |
| author_facet | Antonella Migliaccio Maria Stabile Maria Bagattini Maria Triassi Rita Berisio Eliana De Gregorio Raffaele Zarrilli |
| author_sort | Antonella Migliaccio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The spread of microorganisms causing health-care associated infection (HAI) is contributed to by their intrinsic tolerance to a variety of biocides, used as antiseptics or disinfectants. The natural monomeric stilbenoid resveratrol (RV) is able to modulate the susceptibility to the chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) biocide in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>. In this study, a panel of reference strains and clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts were analyzed for susceptibility to CHX and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) and found to be tolerant to one or both biocides. The carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazine protonophore (CCCP) efflux pump inhibitor reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CHX and BZK in the majority of strains. RV reduced dose-dependently MIC and MBC of CHX and BZK biocides when used as single agents or in combination in all analyzed strains, but not CHX MIC and MBC in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> and <i>Burkholderia</i> spp. strains. In conclusion, RV reverts tolerance and restores susceptibility to CHX and BZK in the majority of microorganisms responsible for HAI. These results indicates that the combination of RV, CHX and BZK may represent a useful strategy to maintain susceptibility to biocides in several nosocomial pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-293b0e1fceed47598e9654141748b0bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-293b0e1fceed47598e9654141748b0bc2023-11-30T22:41:43ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-07-0111796110.3390/antibiotics11070961Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and YeastsAntonella Migliaccio0Maria Stabile1Maria Bagattini2Maria Triassi3Rita Berisio4Eliana De Gregorio5Raffaele Zarrilli6Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, ItalyThe spread of microorganisms causing health-care associated infection (HAI) is contributed to by their intrinsic tolerance to a variety of biocides, used as antiseptics or disinfectants. The natural monomeric stilbenoid resveratrol (RV) is able to modulate the susceptibility to the chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) biocide in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>. In this study, a panel of reference strains and clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts were analyzed for susceptibility to CHX and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) and found to be tolerant to one or both biocides. The carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazine protonophore (CCCP) efflux pump inhibitor reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CHX and BZK in the majority of strains. RV reduced dose-dependently MIC and MBC of CHX and BZK biocides when used as single agents or in combination in all analyzed strains, but not CHX MIC and MBC in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> and <i>Burkholderia</i> spp. strains. In conclusion, RV reverts tolerance and restores susceptibility to CHX and BZK in the majority of microorganisms responsible for HAI. These results indicates that the combination of RV, CHX and BZK may represent a useful strategy to maintain susceptibility to biocides in several nosocomial pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/961resveratrolchlorhexidinebenzalkoniumtoleranceGram-negative bacteriaGram-positive bacteria |
| spellingShingle | Antonella Migliaccio Maria Stabile Maria Bagattini Maria Triassi Rita Berisio Eliana De Gregorio Raffaele Zarrilli Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts Antibiotics resveratrol chlorhexidine benzalkonium tolerance Gram-negative bacteria Gram-positive bacteria |
| title | Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts |
| title_full | Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts |
| title_fullStr | Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts |
| title_short | Resveratrol Reverts Tolerance and Restores Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Benzalkonium in Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria and Yeasts |
| title_sort | resveratrol reverts tolerance and restores susceptibility to chlorhexidine and benzalkonium in gram negative bacteria gram positive bacteria and yeasts |
| topic | resveratrol chlorhexidine benzalkonium tolerance Gram-negative bacteria Gram-positive bacteria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/7/961 |
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