Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects
Drought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production, quality, and energy. It is the key important environmental stress that occurs due to temperature dynamics, light intensity, and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/259 |
| _version_ | 1797406152876621824 |
|---|---|
| author | Mahmoud F. Seleiman Nasser Al-Suhaibani Nawab Ali Mohammad Akmal Majed Alotaibi Yahya Refay Turgay Dindaroglu Hafiz Haleem Abdul-Wajid Martin Leonardo Battaglia |
| author_facet | Mahmoud F. Seleiman Nasser Al-Suhaibani Nawab Ali Mohammad Akmal Majed Alotaibi Yahya Refay Turgay Dindaroglu Hafiz Haleem Abdul-Wajid Martin Leonardo Battaglia |
| author_sort | Mahmoud F. Seleiman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production, quality, and energy. It is the key important environmental stress that occurs due to temperature dynamics, light intensity, and low rainfall. Despite this, its cumulative, not obvious impact and multidimensional nature severely affects the plant morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes with adverse impact on photosynthetic capacity. Coping with water scarcity, plants evolve various complex resistance and adaptation mechanisms including physiological and biochemical responses, which differ with species level. The sophisticated adaptation mechanisms and regularity network that improves the water stress tolerance and adaptation in plants are briefly discussed. Growth pattern and structural dynamics, reduction in transpiration loss through altering stomatal conductance and distribution, leaf rolling, root to shoot ratio dynamics, root length increment, accumulation of compatible solutes, enhancement in transpiration efficiency, osmotic and hormonal regulation, and delayed senescence are the strategies that are adopted by plants under water deficit. Approaches for drought stress alleviations are breeding strategies, molecular and genomics perspectives with special emphasis on the omics technology alteration i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, glyomics and phenomics that improve the stress tolerance in plants. For drought stress induction, seed priming, growth hormones, osmoprotectants, silicon (Si), selenium (Se) and potassium application are worth using under drought stress conditions in plants. In addition, drought adaptation through microbes, hydrogel, nanoparticles applications and metabolic engineering techniques that regulate the antioxidant enzymes activity for adaptation to drought stress in plants, enhancing plant tolerance through maintenance in cell homeostasis and ameliorates the adverse effects of water stress are of great potential in agriculture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-293d70da87de4a1b86c1f236cefebd9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-293d70da87de4a1b86c1f236cefebd9a2023-12-03T15:07:27ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-01-0110225910.3390/plants10020259Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse EffectsMahmoud F. Seleiman0Nasser Al-Suhaibani1Nawab Ali2Mohammad Akmal3Majed Alotaibi4Yahya Refay5Turgay Dindaroglu6Hafiz Haleem Abdul-Wajid7Martin Leonardo Battaglia8Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, PakistanPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46100, TurkeyPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Animal Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADrought stress, being the inevitable factor that exists in various environments without recognizing borders and no clear warning thereby hampering plant biomass production, quality, and energy. It is the key important environmental stress that occurs due to temperature dynamics, light intensity, and low rainfall. Despite this, its cumulative, not obvious impact and multidimensional nature severely affects the plant morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes with adverse impact on photosynthetic capacity. Coping with water scarcity, plants evolve various complex resistance and adaptation mechanisms including physiological and biochemical responses, which differ with species level. The sophisticated adaptation mechanisms and regularity network that improves the water stress tolerance and adaptation in plants are briefly discussed. Growth pattern and structural dynamics, reduction in transpiration loss through altering stomatal conductance and distribution, leaf rolling, root to shoot ratio dynamics, root length increment, accumulation of compatible solutes, enhancement in transpiration efficiency, osmotic and hormonal regulation, and delayed senescence are the strategies that are adopted by plants under water deficit. Approaches for drought stress alleviations are breeding strategies, molecular and genomics perspectives with special emphasis on the omics technology alteration i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, glyomics and phenomics that improve the stress tolerance in plants. For drought stress induction, seed priming, growth hormones, osmoprotectants, silicon (Si), selenium (Se) and potassium application are worth using under drought stress conditions in plants. In addition, drought adaptation through microbes, hydrogel, nanoparticles applications and metabolic engineering techniques that regulate the antioxidant enzymes activity for adaptation to drought stress in plants, enhancing plant tolerance through maintenance in cell homeostasis and ameliorates the adverse effects of water stress are of great potential in agriculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/259drought stressplantsmitigationabiotic stress |
| spellingShingle | Mahmoud F. Seleiman Nasser Al-Suhaibani Nawab Ali Mohammad Akmal Majed Alotaibi Yahya Refay Turgay Dindaroglu Hafiz Haleem Abdul-Wajid Martin Leonardo Battaglia Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects Plants drought stress plants mitigation abiotic stress |
| title | Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects |
| title_full | Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects |
| title_fullStr | Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects |
| title_short | Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects |
| title_sort | drought stress impacts on plants and different approaches to alleviate its adverse effects |
| topic | drought stress plants mitigation abiotic stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/259 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mahmoudfseleiman droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT nasseralsuhaibani droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT nawabali droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT mohammadakmal droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT majedalotaibi droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT yahyarefay droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT turgaydindaroglu droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT hafizhaleemabdulwajid droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects AT martinleonardobattaglia droughtstressimpactsonplantsanddifferentapproachestoalleviateitsadverseeffects |