Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests
<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. is the most common <i>Ocimum</i> species, and it is used as an ornamental plant and in food condiments. This unique study examined the chemical composition and biological activities of six extracts from five basil cultivars, including their antimicr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/7/981 |
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| author | Marija Baković Lucija Perković Gabrijela Matijević Ana Martić Tamara Vujović Sara Ekić Monika Fumić Sara Jurić Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac Marin Roje Stela Jokić Igor Jerković |
| author_facet | Marija Baković Lucija Perković Gabrijela Matijević Ana Martić Tamara Vujović Sara Ekić Monika Fumić Sara Jurić Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac Marin Roje Stela Jokić Igor Jerković |
| author_sort | Marija Baković |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. is the most common <i>Ocimum</i> species, and it is used as an ornamental plant and in food condiments. This unique study examined the chemical composition and biological activities of six extracts from five basil cultivars, including their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antilipidemic, neuroprotective, and anticollagenase activity. Moreover, their toxicological effects were studied using the zebrafish <i>Danio rerio</i>. Volatile components were determined using HS-SPME and GC-MS, while total polyphenols were detected using HPLC and the spectrophotometric Folin–Ciocalteu method. Spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, FRAP) were performed to determine antioxidant activity, collagenase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and pancreatic lipase inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the broth microdilution test. The study found that the biological activities of different basil cultivars varied depending on the proportion of active compounds, as determined by chemical analyses. All six basil extracts significantly inhibited α-amylase, while Purple basil extract most significantly inhibited the activity of collagenase, acetylcholinesterase, and pancreatic lipase. Purple basil and Dark Opal basil I extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, while the Dark Opal basil II extract had the most significant antioxidant potential. The findings in this study suggest that ethanolic basil extracts have the potential to be used as dietary drugs and implemented in antiaging products. This study is unique in its aims to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of basil cultivars from Croatia and to evaluate potential toxicological effects through embryotoxicity tests on zebrafish <i>Danio rerio</i> embryos, and it reports the first evidence of anticollagenase, antidiabetic, and antilipidemic activities for these cultivars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:44:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2955d11929bf437bbb2a027f291b082d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:44:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2955d11929bf437bbb2a027f291b082d2023-11-18T20:52:42ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472023-07-0116798110.3390/ph16070981Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity TestsMarija Baković0Lucija Perković1Gabrijela Matijević2Ana Martić3Tamara Vujović4Sara Ekić5Monika Fumić6Sara Jurić7Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac8Marin Roje9Stela Jokić10Igor Jerković11Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaLaboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. is the most common <i>Ocimum</i> species, and it is used as an ornamental plant and in food condiments. This unique study examined the chemical composition and biological activities of six extracts from five basil cultivars, including their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antilipidemic, neuroprotective, and anticollagenase activity. Moreover, their toxicological effects were studied using the zebrafish <i>Danio rerio</i>. Volatile components were determined using HS-SPME and GC-MS, while total polyphenols were detected using HPLC and the spectrophotometric Folin–Ciocalteu method. Spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, FRAP) were performed to determine antioxidant activity, collagenase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and pancreatic lipase inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the broth microdilution test. The study found that the biological activities of different basil cultivars varied depending on the proportion of active compounds, as determined by chemical analyses. All six basil extracts significantly inhibited α-amylase, while Purple basil extract most significantly inhibited the activity of collagenase, acetylcholinesterase, and pancreatic lipase. Purple basil and Dark Opal basil I extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, while the Dark Opal basil II extract had the most significant antioxidant potential. The findings in this study suggest that ethanolic basil extracts have the potential to be used as dietary drugs and implemented in antiaging products. This study is unique in its aims to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of basil cultivars from Croatia and to evaluate potential toxicological effects through embryotoxicity tests on zebrafish <i>Danio rerio</i> embryos, and it reports the first evidence of anticollagenase, antidiabetic, and antilipidemic activities for these cultivars.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/7/981basil chemotypesethanolic extractspolyphenol contentbiological activities |
| spellingShingle | Marija Baković Lucija Perković Gabrijela Matijević Ana Martić Tamara Vujović Sara Ekić Monika Fumić Sara Jurić Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac Marin Roje Stela Jokić Igor Jerković Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests Pharmaceuticals basil chemotypes ethanolic extracts polyphenol content biological activities |
| title | Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests |
| title_full | Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests |
| title_fullStr | Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests |
| title_short | Bioprospecting of Five <i>Ocimum</i> sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests |
| title_sort | bioprospecting of five i ocimum i sp cultivars from croatia new potential for dietary and dermatological application with embryotoxicity tests |
| topic | basil chemotypes ethanolic extracts polyphenol content biological activities |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/16/7/981 |
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