<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine
The mechanism behind how flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-producing bacteria attach to a host intestine remains unclear. In order to address this issue, this study isolated the Gram-positive bacteria <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> from Mongolian fermented Airag, named <i>L</i>. &l...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/677 |
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| author | Binderiya Ganzorig Enkhbat Zayabaatar Minh Tan Pham Shinta Marito Chun-Ming Huang Yu-Hsiang Lee |
| author_facet | Binderiya Ganzorig Enkhbat Zayabaatar Minh Tan Pham Shinta Marito Chun-Ming Huang Yu-Hsiang Lee |
| author_sort | Binderiya Ganzorig |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The mechanism behind how flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-producing bacteria attach to a host intestine remains unclear. In order to address this issue, this study isolated the Gram-positive bacteria <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> from Mongolian fermented Airag, named <i>L</i>. <i>plantarum</i> MA. These bacteria were further employed as the model microbes, and their electrogenic properties were first identified by their significant expression of type II NADH-quinone oxidoreductase. This study also demonstrated that the electrical activity of <i>L. plantarum</i> MA can be conducted through flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-based extracellular electron transfer, which is highly dependent on the presence of a carbon source in the medium. Our data show that approximately 15 µM of FMN, one of the key electron donors for the generation of electricity, can be produced from <i>L. plantarum</i> MA, as they were cultured in the presence of lactulose for 24 h. We further demonstrated that the electrical activity of <i>L. plantarum</i> MA can promote microbial adhesion and can thus enhance the colonization effectiveness of Caco-2 cells and mouse cecum. Such enhanced adhesiveness was attributed to the increased expression of type I collagens in the intestinal epithelium after treatment with <i>L. plantarum</i> MA. This study reveals the mechanism behind the electrogenic activity of <i>L. plantarum</i> MA and shows how the bacteria utilize electricity to modulate the protein expression of gut tissue for an enhanced adhesion process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:54:15Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:54:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-297ab275df6e40f4910ff38e221111952023-11-17T09:43:59ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-02-0111367710.3390/biomedicines11030677<i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to IntestineBinderiya Ganzorig0Enkhbat Zayabaatar1Minh Tan Pham2Shinta Marito3Chun-Ming Huang4Yu-Hsiang Lee5Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanFaculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, VietnamDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, TaiwanThe mechanism behind how flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-producing bacteria attach to a host intestine remains unclear. In order to address this issue, this study isolated the Gram-positive bacteria <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> from Mongolian fermented Airag, named <i>L</i>. <i>plantarum</i> MA. These bacteria were further employed as the model microbes, and their electrogenic properties were first identified by their significant expression of type II NADH-quinone oxidoreductase. This study also demonstrated that the electrical activity of <i>L. plantarum</i> MA can be conducted through flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-based extracellular electron transfer, which is highly dependent on the presence of a carbon source in the medium. Our data show that approximately 15 µM of FMN, one of the key electron donors for the generation of electricity, can be produced from <i>L. plantarum</i> MA, as they were cultured in the presence of lactulose for 24 h. We further demonstrated that the electrical activity of <i>L. plantarum</i> MA can promote microbial adhesion and can thus enhance the colonization effectiveness of Caco-2 cells and mouse cecum. Such enhanced adhesiveness was attributed to the increased expression of type I collagens in the intestinal epithelium after treatment with <i>L. plantarum</i> MA. This study reveals the mechanism behind the electrogenic activity of <i>L. plantarum</i> MA and shows how the bacteria utilize electricity to modulate the protein expression of gut tissue for an enhanced adhesion process.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/677<i>L. plantarum</i>electricitycarbon sourceflavin mononucleotideextracellular electron transfermicrobial adhesion |
| spellingShingle | Binderiya Ganzorig Enkhbat Zayabaatar Minh Tan Pham Shinta Marito Chun-Ming Huang Yu-Hsiang Lee <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine Biomedicines <i>L. plantarum</i> electricity carbon source flavin mononucleotide extracellular electron transfer microbial adhesion |
| title | <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine |
| title_full | <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine |
| title_fullStr | <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine |
| title_short | <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> Generate Electricity through Flavin Mononucleotide-Mediated Extracellular Electron Transfer to Upregulate Epithelial Type I Collagen Expression and Thereby Promote Microbial Adhesion to Intestine |
| title_sort | i lactobacillus plantarum i generate electricity through flavin mononucleotide mediated extracellular electron transfer to upregulate epithelial type i collagen expression and thereby promote microbial adhesion to intestine |
| topic | <i>L. plantarum</i> electricity carbon source flavin mononucleotide extracellular electron transfer microbial adhesion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/677 |
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