Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy
The type I cytokine family members interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 play important roles in the homeostasis of innate and adaptive immunity. Although IL-2 and IL-15 receptor complexes activate similar signal transduction cascades, triggering of these receptors results in different functional activitie...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/12/3586 |
| _version_ | 1797546149910937600 |
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| author | Ying Yang Andreas Lundqvist |
| author_facet | Ying Yang Andreas Lundqvist |
| author_sort | Ying Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The type I cytokine family members interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 play important roles in the homeostasis of innate and adaptive immunity. Although IL-2 and IL-15 receptor complexes activate similar signal transduction cascades, triggering of these receptors results in different functional activities in lymphocytes. While IL-2 expands regulatory T cells and CD4+ helper T cells, IL-15 supports the development of central memory T cells and NK cells. Recent data have provided evidence that IL-2 and IL-15 differ in their ability to activate T and NK cells to resist various forms of immune suppression. The diverse roles of these two cytokines have on immune cells lead to critical therapeutic implications for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the distinct roles of IL-2 and IL-15 in activating various functions in T and NK cells with a particular focus on the signals that participate in the resistance of tumor-derived immune suppressive factors. Furthermore, we summarize current clinical applications of IL-2 and IL-15 in metastatic malignancies, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents, and highlight the future trends for research on these cytokine-based immunotherapies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:25:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2995933949344296a0646c01ccc459d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:25:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-2995933949344296a0646c01ccc459d92023-11-20T23:00:26ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-11-011212358610.3390/cancers12123586Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer ImmunotherapyYing Yang0Andreas Lundqvist1Department of Respiratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 310009, ChinaDepartment of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-17164 Stockholm, SwedenThe type I cytokine family members interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 play important roles in the homeostasis of innate and adaptive immunity. Although IL-2 and IL-15 receptor complexes activate similar signal transduction cascades, triggering of these receptors results in different functional activities in lymphocytes. While IL-2 expands regulatory T cells and CD4+ helper T cells, IL-15 supports the development of central memory T cells and NK cells. Recent data have provided evidence that IL-2 and IL-15 differ in their ability to activate T and NK cells to resist various forms of immune suppression. The diverse roles of these two cytokines have on immune cells lead to critical therapeutic implications for cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the distinct roles of IL-2 and IL-15 in activating various functions in T and NK cells with a particular focus on the signals that participate in the resistance of tumor-derived immune suppressive factors. Furthermore, we summarize current clinical applications of IL-2 and IL-15 in metastatic malignancies, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents, and highlight the future trends for research on these cytokine-based immunotherapies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/12/3586cytokineinterleukin-2interleukin-15immunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Ying Yang Andreas Lundqvist Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy Cancers cytokine interleukin-2 interleukin-15 immunotherapy |
| title | Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-2 and IL-15; Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | immunomodulatory effects of il 2 and il 15 implications for cancer immunotherapy |
| topic | cytokine interleukin-2 interleukin-15 immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/12/3586 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yingyang immunomodulatoryeffectsofil2andil15implicationsforcancerimmunotherapy AT andreaslundqvist immunomodulatoryeffectsofil2andil15implicationsforcancerimmunotherapy |