| Summary: | Purpose of the study. Determine the most common etiological factor in cervical lymphadenopathy in children according to research. Materials and methods. The research was searched in the Russian-language databases E-library and Cyberleninka in electronic form according to the following criteria: (1) any clinical trial or observational study, or cross-sectional case series with 10 or more subjects that included delineation of etiologies and/or associated conditions with lymphadenopathy; (2) patients aged 0 to 18 years with enlarged lymphoid tissue; (3) lymphadenopathy was confirmed by clinical evaluation; (4) the absence of specific excluded diagnoses. Results. Based on the search results in E-library and Cyberleninka, 4 articles were selected for review, matching the accepted criteria. These studies ranged in size from 67 to 255 subjects and had a combined total of 527 children. In the vast majority of cases (up to 90.0%) the cause of cervical lymphadenopathy in children is acute and chronic infectious diseases caused by herpes viruses and chlamydia.
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