Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy
Background: Special needs schools (SNS) educate children and young people with major neurological disabilities who are at high risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition (MN). We aimed to assess the prevalence of OD, MN, dehydration (DH), and oral health (OH) in students at an SNS. Method...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/7/2413 |
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| author | Alicia Costa Alberto Martin Viridiana Arreola Stephanie A. Riera Ana Pizarro Cristina Carol Laia Serras Pere Clavé |
| author_facet | Alicia Costa Alberto Martin Viridiana Arreola Stephanie A. Riera Ana Pizarro Cristina Carol Laia Serras Pere Clavé |
| author_sort | Alicia Costa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Special needs schools (SNS) educate children and young people with major neurological disabilities who are at high risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition (MN). We aimed to assess the prevalence of OD, MN, dehydration (DH), and oral health (OH) in students at an SNS. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at SNS L’Arboç, Catalonia, Spain. We assessed (a) demographics, health status, comorbidities, and gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), (b) swallowing function, oral-motor evaluation, masticatory capacity, and EDACS classification for eating and drinking abilities, (c) nutritional and DH status (anthropometry, bioimpedance and dietary records), and (d) OH (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified). Results: A total of 33 students (mean age 13.3 years; 39.4% level V of GMFCS) were included. Main diagnosis was cerebral palsy at 57.6%. All students presented OD, 90.6% had impaired safety, 68.7% were at levels II–III of EDACS, and 31.3% required PEG; furthermore, 89.3% had chronic MN, 21.4% had acute MN, 70% presented intracellular DH, and 83.9% presented impaired OH. Conclusion: MN, DH, OD, and poor OH are highly prevalent conditions in students with cerebral palsy and other neurological disabilities and must be specifically managed through nutritional and educational strategies. The multidisciplinary team at SNS should include healthcare professionals specifically trained in these conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:29:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29a96723f2da4054be42e5d4b654ec41 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:29:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-29a96723f2da4054be42e5d4b654ec412023-11-22T04:37:06ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-07-01137241310.3390/nu13072413Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral PalsyAlicia Costa0Alberto Martin1Viridiana Arreola2Stephanie A. Riera3Ana Pizarro4Cristina Carol5Laia Serras6Pere Clavé7Unitat d’Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Mataró, 08304 Mataró, SpainUnitat d’Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Mataró, 08304 Mataró, SpainUnitat d’Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Mataró, 08304 Mataró, SpainUnitat d’Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Mataró, 08304 Mataró, SpainDepartament de Periodòncia, Facultat d’Odontologia de Barcelona UIC, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, SpainEscola l’Arboç, Fundació El Maresme, 08301 Mataró, SpainUnitat de Suport Tècnic, Fundació El Maresme, 08301 Mataró, SpainUnitat d’Exploracions Funcionals Digestives CSdM-UAB, Hospital de Mataró, 08304 Mataró, SpainBackground: Special needs schools (SNS) educate children and young people with major neurological disabilities who are at high risk of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition (MN). We aimed to assess the prevalence of OD, MN, dehydration (DH), and oral health (OH) in students at an SNS. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at SNS L’Arboç, Catalonia, Spain. We assessed (a) demographics, health status, comorbidities, and gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), (b) swallowing function, oral-motor evaluation, masticatory capacity, and EDACS classification for eating and drinking abilities, (c) nutritional and DH status (anthropometry, bioimpedance and dietary records), and (d) OH (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified). Results: A total of 33 students (mean age 13.3 years; 39.4% level V of GMFCS) were included. Main diagnosis was cerebral palsy at 57.6%. All students presented OD, 90.6% had impaired safety, 68.7% were at levels II–III of EDACS, and 31.3% required PEG; furthermore, 89.3% had chronic MN, 21.4% had acute MN, 70% presented intracellular DH, and 83.9% presented impaired OH. Conclusion: MN, DH, OD, and poor OH are highly prevalent conditions in students with cerebral palsy and other neurological disabilities and must be specifically managed through nutritional and educational strategies. The multidisciplinary team at SNS should include healthcare professionals specifically trained in these conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/7/2413neurological disabilitycerebral palsydysphagiamalnutritiondehydrationdietary intakes |
| spellingShingle | Alicia Costa Alberto Martin Viridiana Arreola Stephanie A. Riera Ana Pizarro Cristina Carol Laia Serras Pere Clavé Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy Nutrients neurological disability cerebral palsy dysphagia malnutrition dehydration dietary intakes |
| title | Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy |
| title_full | Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy |
| title_short | Assessment of Swallowing Disorders, Nutritional and Hydration Status, and Oral Hygiene in Students with Severe Neurological Disabilities Including Cerebral Palsy |
| title_sort | assessment of swallowing disorders nutritional and hydration status and oral hygiene in students with severe neurological disabilities including cerebral palsy |
| topic | neurological disability cerebral palsy dysphagia malnutrition dehydration dietary intakes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/7/2413 |
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