Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets
The occurrence of diarrhea in Tibetan piglets is highly notable, but the microorganisms responsible are yet unclear. Its high incidence results in serious economic losses for the Tibetan pig industry. Moreover, the dynamic balance of intestinal microflora plays a crucial role in maintaining host hea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.799862/full |
| _version_ | 1819279239426342912 |
|---|---|
| author | Qinghui Kong Qinghui Kong Wenqian Zhang Miao An Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar Zhenda Shang Zhenda Shang Zhankun Tan Zhankun Tan Yefen Xu Jiakui Li Jiakui Li Suozhu Liu Suozhu Liu |
| author_facet | Qinghui Kong Qinghui Kong Wenqian Zhang Miao An Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar Zhenda Shang Zhenda Shang Zhankun Tan Zhankun Tan Yefen Xu Jiakui Li Jiakui Li Suozhu Liu Suozhu Liu |
| author_sort | Qinghui Kong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The occurrence of diarrhea in Tibetan piglets is highly notable, but the microorganisms responsible are yet unclear. Its high incidence results in serious economic losses for the Tibetan pig industry. Moreover, the dynamic balance of intestinal microflora plays a crucial role in maintaining host health, as it is a prime cause of diarrhea. Therefore, the present study was performed to analyze the characteristics of bacterial microbiota structure in healthy, diarrheal and treated weaned piglets in Tibet autonomous region for providing a theoretical basis to prevent and control diarrhea. The study was based on the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and gut microbiota functions following the metagenome analysis of fresh fecal samples (n = 5) from different groups. The Shannon and Simpson indices differed substantially between diarrheal and treated groups (p < 0.05). According to our findings, the beta diversities, especially between healthy and diarrheal groups, were found different. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla in three groups. Furthermore, the abundance of Fusobacteria in the diarrheal group was higher than the other groups. The dominant genera in the diarrheal group were Fusobacterium, Butyricimonas, Sutterella, Peptostreptococcus, and Pasteurella. Moreover, Lactobacillus, Megasphaera and Clavibacter were distinctly less abundant in this group. It is noteworthy that the specific decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria after antibiotic treatment in piglets was noticed, while the level of Lactobacillus was evidently increased. In conclusion, fecal microbial composition and structure variations were discovered across the three groups. Also, the ecological balance of the intestinal microflora was disrupted in diarrheal piglets. It might be caused by a reduction in the relative number of beneficial bacteria and an increase in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. In the context of advocating for non-resistant feeding, we suspect that the addition of probiotics to feed may prevent early-weaning diarrhea in piglets. Moreover, our findings might help for preventing diarrhea in weaned Tibetan piglets with a better understanding of microbial population dynamics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:24:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29abe4f88b7a421c814e779260be8620 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:24:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-29abe4f88b7a421c814e779260be86202022-12-21T17:24:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692022-02-01910.3389/fvets.2022.799862799862Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan PigletsQinghui Kong0Qinghui Kong1Wenqian Zhang2Miao An3Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar4Zhenda Shang5Zhenda Shang6Zhankun Tan7Zhankun Tan8Yefen Xu9Jiakui Li10Jiakui Li11Suozhu Liu12Suozhu Liu13College of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, ChinaTibetan Plateau Feed Processing Engineering Research Center, Linzhi, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, ChinaTibetan Plateau Feed Processing Engineering Research Center, Linzhi, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, ChinaTibetan Plateau Feed Processing Engineering Research Center, Linzhi, ChinaThe occurrence of diarrhea in Tibetan piglets is highly notable, but the microorganisms responsible are yet unclear. Its high incidence results in serious economic losses for the Tibetan pig industry. Moreover, the dynamic balance of intestinal microflora plays a crucial role in maintaining host health, as it is a prime cause of diarrhea. Therefore, the present study was performed to analyze the characteristics of bacterial microbiota structure in healthy, diarrheal and treated weaned piglets in Tibet autonomous region for providing a theoretical basis to prevent and control diarrhea. The study was based on the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and gut microbiota functions following the metagenome analysis of fresh fecal samples (n = 5) from different groups. The Shannon and Simpson indices differed substantially between diarrheal and treated groups (p < 0.05). According to our findings, the beta diversities, especially between healthy and diarrheal groups, were found different. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla in three groups. Furthermore, the abundance of Fusobacteria in the diarrheal group was higher than the other groups. The dominant genera in the diarrheal group were Fusobacterium, Butyricimonas, Sutterella, Peptostreptococcus, and Pasteurella. Moreover, Lactobacillus, Megasphaera and Clavibacter were distinctly less abundant in this group. It is noteworthy that the specific decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria after antibiotic treatment in piglets was noticed, while the level of Lactobacillus was evidently increased. In conclusion, fecal microbial composition and structure variations were discovered across the three groups. Also, the ecological balance of the intestinal microflora was disrupted in diarrheal piglets. It might be caused by a reduction in the relative number of beneficial bacteria and an increase in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. In the context of advocating for non-resistant feeding, we suspect that the addition of probiotics to feed may prevent early-weaning diarrhea in piglets. Moreover, our findings might help for preventing diarrhea in weaned Tibetan piglets with a better understanding of microbial population dynamics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.799862/fullmicrobial diversitybacteria16S rRNATibetan pigletsdiarrhea |
| spellingShingle | Qinghui Kong Qinghui Kong Wenqian Zhang Miao An Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar Zhenda Shang Zhenda Shang Zhankun Tan Zhankun Tan Yefen Xu Jiakui Li Jiakui Li Suozhu Liu Suozhu Liu Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets Frontiers in Veterinary Science microbial diversity bacteria 16S rRNA Tibetan piglets diarrhea |
| title | Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets |
| title_full | Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets |
| title_short | Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Healthy and Diarrheal Early-Weaned Tibetan Piglets |
| title_sort | characterization of bacterial microbiota composition in healthy and diarrheal early weaned tibetan piglets |
| topic | microbial diversity bacteria 16S rRNA Tibetan piglets diarrhea |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.799862/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qinghuikong characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT qinghuikong characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT wenqianzhang characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT miaoan characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT muhammadfakharealamkulyar characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT zhendashang characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT zhendashang characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT zhankuntan characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT zhankuntan characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT yefenxu characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT jiakuili characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT jiakuili characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT suozhuliu characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets AT suozhuliu characterizationofbacterialmicrobiotacompositioninhealthyanddiarrhealearlyweanedtibetanpiglets |