A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids
In the last few years, due to the technological improvement of advanced metering infrastructures, water and natural gas grids can be regarded as smart-grids, similarly to power ones. However, considering the number of studies related to the application of computational intelligence to distribution g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/9/665 |
| _version_ | 1798041184665337856 |
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| author | Marco Fagiani Stefano Squartini Leonardo Gabrielli Marco Severini Francesco Piazza |
| author_facet | Marco Fagiani Stefano Squartini Leonardo Gabrielli Marco Severini Francesco Piazza |
| author_sort | Marco Fagiani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the last few years, due to the technological improvement of advanced metering infrastructures, water and natural gas grids can be regarded as smart-grids, similarly to power ones. However, considering the number of studies related to the application of computational intelligence to distribution grids, the gap between power grids and water/gas grids is notably wide. For this purpose, in this paper, a framework for leakage identification is presented. The framework is composed of three sections aimed at the extraction and the selection of features and at the detection of leakages. A variation of the Sequential Feature Selection (SFS) algorithm is used to select the best performing features within a set, including, also, innovative temporal ones. The leakage identification is based on novelty detection and exploits the characterization of a normality model. Three statistical approaches, The Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and One-Class Support Vector Machine (OC-SVM), are adopted, under a comparative perspective. Both residential and office building environments are investigated by means of two datasets. One is the Almanac of Minutely Power dataset (AMPds), and it provides water and gas data consumption at 1, 10 and 30 min of time resolution; the other is the Department of International Development (DFID) dataset, and it provides water and gas data consumption at 30 min of time resolution. The achieved performance, computed by means of the Area Under the Curve (AUC), reaches 90 % in the office building case study, thus confirming the suitability of the proposed approach for applications in smart water and gas grids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:17:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29ccbf9dc36a4b7baa1342ffddd6babb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:17:58Z |
| publishDate | 2016-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-29ccbf9dc36a4b7baa1342ffddd6babb2022-12-22T04:00:19ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732016-08-019966510.3390/en9090665en9090665A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas GridsMarco Fagiani0Stefano Squartini1Leonardo Gabrielli2Marco Severini3Francesco Piazza4Department of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 1, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 1, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 1, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 1, 60131 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 1, 60131 Ancona, ItalyIn the last few years, due to the technological improvement of advanced metering infrastructures, water and natural gas grids can be regarded as smart-grids, similarly to power ones. However, considering the number of studies related to the application of computational intelligence to distribution grids, the gap between power grids and water/gas grids is notably wide. For this purpose, in this paper, a framework for leakage identification is presented. The framework is composed of three sections aimed at the extraction and the selection of features and at the detection of leakages. A variation of the Sequential Feature Selection (SFS) algorithm is used to select the best performing features within a set, including, also, innovative temporal ones. The leakage identification is based on novelty detection and exploits the characterization of a normality model. Three statistical approaches, The Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and One-Class Support Vector Machine (OC-SVM), are adopted, under a comparative perspective. Both residential and office building environments are investigated by means of two datasets. One is the Almanac of Minutely Power dataset (AMPds), and it provides water and gas data consumption at 1, 10 and 30 min of time resolution; the other is the Department of International Development (DFID) dataset, and it provides water and gas data consumption at 30 min of time resolution. The achieved performance, computed by means of the Area Under the Curve (AUC), reaches 90 % in the office building case study, thus confirming the suitability of the proposed approach for applications in smart water and gas grids.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/9/665novelty detectionautomatic leakage detectionGaussian mixture modelhidden Markov modelsone-class support vector machinesmart watergas grids |
| spellingShingle | Marco Fagiani Stefano Squartini Leonardo Gabrielli Marco Severini Francesco Piazza A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids Energies novelty detection automatic leakage detection Gaussian mixture model hidden Markov models one-class support vector machine smart water gas grids |
| title | A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids |
| title_full | A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids |
| title_fullStr | A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids |
| title_short | A Statistical Framework for Automatic Leakage Detection in Smart Water and Gas Grids |
| title_sort | statistical framework for automatic leakage detection in smart water and gas grids |
| topic | novelty detection automatic leakage detection Gaussian mixture model hidden Markov models one-class support vector machine smart water gas grids |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/9/665 |
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