Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia
The perception of „stress” triggers many physiological and behavioral responses, collectively called the stress response. Such a complex process allows for coping with stress and also triggers severe pathology. Because of the multidirectional effect of stress on the body, multiple systems participat...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/1/235 |
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| author | Hristina Nocheva Nikolay Stoynev Vlayko Vodenicharov Dimo Krastev Nikolay Krastev Milka Mileva |
| author_facet | Hristina Nocheva Nikolay Stoynev Vlayko Vodenicharov Dimo Krastev Nikolay Krastev Milka Mileva |
| author_sort | Hristina Nocheva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The perception of „stress” triggers many physiological and behavioral responses, collectively called the stress response. Such a complex process allows for coping with stress and also triggers severe pathology. Because of the multidirectional effect of stress on the body, multiple systems participate in its pathogenesis, with the endogenous cannabinoid and the serotoninergic ones among them. These two systems also take part in the pain perception decrease, known as stress-induced analgesia (SIA), which can then be taken as an indirect indicator of the stress response. The aim of our study was to study the changes in cold SIA (c-SIA) resulting from the exogenous activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) receptor type 1<sub>A</sub> (5-HT1A). Various combinations of agonists and/or antagonists of CB1 and 5-HT1A, before or after 1 h of cold exposure, were applied, since we presumed that the exogenous activation of the receptors before the cold exposure would influence the pathogenesis of the stress response, while their activation after the stressful trigger would influence the later development. Our results show that the serotonergic system “maintained” c-SIA in the pre-stress treatment, while the cannabinoids’ modulative effect was more prominent in the post-stress treatment. Here, we show the interactions of the two systems in the stress response. The interpretation and understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between CB1 and 5-HT1A may provide information for the prevention and control of adverse stress effects, as well as suggest interesting directions for the development of targeted interventions for the control of specific body responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:56:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29d60ca488d64007b0ead706648b4245 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:56:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-29d60ca488d64007b0ead706648b42452024-01-29T13:48:01ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-01-0112123510.3390/biomedicines12010235Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced AnalgesiaHristina Nocheva0Nikolay Stoynev1Vlayko Vodenicharov2Dimo Krastev3Nikolay Krastev4Milka Mileva5Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Epidemiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Medical University, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Anatomy and Physiology, South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, 66, Ivan Mihaylov Str., 2700 Blagoevgrad, BulgariaDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 2, Zdrave Str., 1431 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Microbiology “Stephan Angeloff”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThe perception of „stress” triggers many physiological and behavioral responses, collectively called the stress response. Such a complex process allows for coping with stress and also triggers severe pathology. Because of the multidirectional effect of stress on the body, multiple systems participate in its pathogenesis, with the endogenous cannabinoid and the serotoninergic ones among them. These two systems also take part in the pain perception decrease, known as stress-induced analgesia (SIA), which can then be taken as an indirect indicator of the stress response. The aim of our study was to study the changes in cold SIA (c-SIA) resulting from the exogenous activation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) receptor type 1<sub>A</sub> (5-HT1A). Various combinations of agonists and/or antagonists of CB1 and 5-HT1A, before or after 1 h of cold exposure, were applied, since we presumed that the exogenous activation of the receptors before the cold exposure would influence the pathogenesis of the stress response, while their activation after the stressful trigger would influence the later development. Our results show that the serotonergic system “maintained” c-SIA in the pre-stress treatment, while the cannabinoids’ modulative effect was more prominent in the post-stress treatment. Here, we show the interactions of the two systems in the stress response. The interpretation and understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between CB1 and 5-HT1A may provide information for the prevention and control of adverse stress effects, as well as suggest interesting directions for the development of targeted interventions for the control of specific body responses.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/1/235pain perceptioncannabinoid receptor CB15-HT receptor 1Acold stress-induced analgesiastress-response |
| spellingShingle | Hristina Nocheva Nikolay Stoynev Vlayko Vodenicharov Dimo Krastev Nikolay Krastev Milka Mileva Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia Biomedicines pain perception cannabinoid receptor CB1 5-HT receptor 1A cold stress-induced analgesia stress-response |
| title | Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia |
| title_full | Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia |
| title_fullStr | Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia |
| title_short | Cannabinoid and Serotonergic Systems: Unraveling the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Analgesia |
| title_sort | cannabinoid and serotonergic systems unraveling the pathogenetic mechanisms of stress induced analgesia |
| topic | pain perception cannabinoid receptor CB1 5-HT receptor 1A cold stress-induced analgesia stress-response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/1/235 |
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