A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta
This review discusses the contribution of the use of the isolated rat aorta (IRA) as a model for the evaluation of extracts and metabolites produced by plants with a vasodilator effect in animals. This model continues to be a valuable approach for the search and development of new phytochemicals con...
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/9/623 |
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| author | Marcela Knox Raúl Vinet Lida Fuentes Bernardo Morales José L. Martínez |
| author_facet | Marcela Knox Raúl Vinet Lida Fuentes Bernardo Morales José L. Martínez |
| author_sort | Marcela Knox |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review discusses the contribution of the use of the isolated rat aorta (IRA) as a model for the evaluation of extracts and metabolites produced by plants with a vasodilator effect in animals. This model continues to be a valuable approach for the search and development of new phytochemicals consumed as medicinal plants or foods. In most cases, the sources of phytochemicals have been used in folk medicine to treat ailments that include hypertension. In this model, the endothelium is emphasized as a key component that modulates the vessel contractility, and therefore the basal tone and blood pressure. Based on the functional nature of the model, we focused on studies that determined the endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatory activity of phytochemicals. We describe the mechanisms that account for aorta contraction and relaxation, and subsequently show the vasoactive effect of a series of phytochemicals acting as vasodilators and its endothelium dependence. We highlight information regarding the cardiovascular benefits of phytochemicals, especially their potential antihypertensive effect. On this basis, we discuss the advantages of the IRA as a predictive model to support the research and development of new drugs that may be of help in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the number one cause of death worldwide. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:05:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29da960cd2bd48b6bba29d1f76e2700d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:05:02Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-29da960cd2bd48b6bba29d1f76e2700d2022-12-22T01:59:43ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152019-08-019962310.3390/ani9090623ani9090623A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat AortaMarcela Knox0Raúl Vinet1Lida Fuentes2Bernardo Morales3José L. Martínez4Laboratory of Pharmacology, Center of Micro Bioinnovation (CMBi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, ChileLaboratory of Pharmacology, Center of Micro Bioinnovation (CMBi), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, ChileCentro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), CONICYT-GORE (Proyecto R17A10001), Valparaíso 2362696, ChileFaculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160020, ChileVice Chancellor of Investigation, Development and Innovation, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160020, ChileThis review discusses the contribution of the use of the isolated rat aorta (IRA) as a model for the evaluation of extracts and metabolites produced by plants with a vasodilator effect in animals. This model continues to be a valuable approach for the search and development of new phytochemicals consumed as medicinal plants or foods. In most cases, the sources of phytochemicals have been used in folk medicine to treat ailments that include hypertension. In this model, the endothelium is emphasized as a key component that modulates the vessel contractility, and therefore the basal tone and blood pressure. Based on the functional nature of the model, we focused on studies that determined the endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatory activity of phytochemicals. We describe the mechanisms that account for aorta contraction and relaxation, and subsequently show the vasoactive effect of a series of phytochemicals acting as vasodilators and its endothelium dependence. We highlight information regarding the cardiovascular benefits of phytochemicals, especially their potential antihypertensive effect. On this basis, we discuss the advantages of the IRA as a predictive model to support the research and development of new drugs that may be of help in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the number one cause of death worldwide.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/9/623rat aortaphytochemicalplant extractvasodilationrelaxationendotheliumendothelial cellsvascular smooth muscle cellsvessels |
| spellingShingle | Marcela Knox Raúl Vinet Lida Fuentes Bernardo Morales José L. Martínez A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta Animals rat aorta phytochemical plant extract vasodilation relaxation endothelium endothelial cells vascular smooth muscle cells vessels |
| title | A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta |
| title_full | A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta |
| title_fullStr | A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta |
| title_short | A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta |
| title_sort | review of endothelium dependent and independent vasodilation induced by phytochemicals in isolated rat aorta |
| topic | rat aorta phytochemical plant extract vasodilation relaxation endothelium endothelial cells vascular smooth muscle cells vessels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/9/623 |
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