Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering
Sensing coils are inductive sensors commonly used to measure magnetic fields, such as those generated by electromagnets used in many kinds of industrial and scientific applications. Inductive sensors rely on integrating the output voltage at the coil’s terminals in order to obtain flux linkage, whic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/182 |
| _version_ | 1797497619132448768 |
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| author | Pasquale Arpaia Marco Buzio Vincenzo Di Capua Sabrina Grassini Marco Parvis Mariano Pentella |
| author_facet | Pasquale Arpaia Marco Buzio Vincenzo Di Capua Sabrina Grassini Marco Parvis Mariano Pentella |
| author_sort | Pasquale Arpaia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sensing coils are inductive sensors commonly used to measure magnetic fields, such as those generated by electromagnets used in many kinds of industrial and scientific applications. Inductive sensors rely on integrating the output voltage at the coil’s terminals in order to obtain flux linkage, which may suffer from the magnification of low-frequency noise resulting in a drifting integrated signal. This article presents a method for the cancellation of integrator drift. The method is based on a first-order linear Kalman filter combining the data from the coil and a second sensor. Two case studies are presented. In the first one, the second sensor is a Hall probe, which senses the magnetic field directly. In a second case study, the magnet’s excitation current was used instead to provide a first-order approximation of the field. Experimental tests show that both approaches can reduce the measured field drift by three orders of magnitude. The Hall probe option guarantees, in addition, one order of magnitude better absolute accuracy than by using the excitation current. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:21:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29f0555c712d420589d44369df845a16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:21:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-29f0555c712d420589d44369df845a162023-11-23T12:18:10ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-12-0122118210.3390/s22010182Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman FilteringPasquale Arpaia0Marco Buzio1Vincenzo Di Capua2Sabrina Grassini3Marco Parvis4Mariano Pentella5Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80100 Naples, ItalyTechnology Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80100 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Applied Science and Technology, Polytechnic of Turin, 10129 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications, Polytechnic of Turin, 10129 Turin, ItalyTechnology Department, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandSensing coils are inductive sensors commonly used to measure magnetic fields, such as those generated by electromagnets used in many kinds of industrial and scientific applications. Inductive sensors rely on integrating the output voltage at the coil’s terminals in order to obtain flux linkage, which may suffer from the magnification of low-frequency noise resulting in a drifting integrated signal. This article presents a method for the cancellation of integrator drift. The method is based on a first-order linear Kalman filter combining the data from the coil and a second sensor. Two case studies are presented. In the first one, the second sensor is a Hall probe, which senses the magnetic field directly. In a second case study, the magnet’s excitation current was used instead to provide a first-order approximation of the field. Experimental tests show that both approaches can reduce the measured field drift by three orders of magnitude. The Hall probe option guarantees, in addition, one order of magnitude better absolute accuracy than by using the excitation current.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/182drift-free integrationintegration driftsensing coilsmagnetsmagnetic measurementssensor fusion |
| spellingShingle | Pasquale Arpaia Marco Buzio Vincenzo Di Capua Sabrina Grassini Marco Parvis Mariano Pentella Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering Sensors drift-free integration integration drift sensing coils magnets magnetic measurements sensor fusion |
| title | Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering |
| title_full | Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering |
| title_fullStr | Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering |
| title_short | Drift-Free Integration in Inductive Magnetic Field Measurements Achieved by Kalman Filtering |
| title_sort | drift free integration in inductive magnetic field measurements achieved by kalman filtering |
| topic | drift-free integration integration drift sensing coils magnets magnetic measurements sensor fusion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/182 |
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