Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits
Voltage-activated K+ (KV) channels are important for shaping action potentials and maintaining resting membrane potential in excitable cells. KV channels contain a central pore-gate domain (PGD) surrounded by four voltage-sensing domains (VSD). The VSDs will change conformation in response to altera...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2012-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2012.00063/full |
| _version_ | 1819075408870506496 |
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| author | Xiaohui eSun Mark A. eZaydman Jianmin eCui |
| author_facet | Xiaohui eSun Mark A. eZaydman Jianmin eCui |
| author_sort | Xiaohui eSun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Voltage-activated K+ (KV) channels are important for shaping action potentials and maintaining resting membrane potential in excitable cells. KV channels contain a central pore-gate domain (PGD) surrounded by four voltage-sensing domains (VSD). The VSDs will change conformation in response to alterations of the membrane potential thereby inducing the opening of the PGD. Many KV channels are heteromeric protein complexes containing auxiliary β subunits. These β subunits modulate channel expression and activity to increase functional diversity and render tissue specific phenotypes. This review focuses on the KV β subunits that contain transmembrane (TM) segments including the KCNE family and the β subunits of large conductance, Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ (BK) channels. These TM β subunits affect the voltage-dependent activation of KV α subunits. Experimental and computational studies have described the structural location of these β subunits in the channel complexes and the biophysical effects on VSD activation, PGD opening and VSD-PGD coupling. These results reveal some common characteristics and mechanistic insights into KV channel modulation by TM β subunits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:24:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-29fe85d34f9d40e48296f0870f933043 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:24:57Z |
| publishDate | 2012-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-29fe85d34f9d40e48296f0870f9330432022-12-21T18:54:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122012-04-01310.3389/fphar.2012.0006323673Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunitsXiaohui eSun0Mark A. eZaydman1Jianmin eCui2washington university in saint louiswashington university in saint louiswashington university in saint louisVoltage-activated K+ (KV) channels are important for shaping action potentials and maintaining resting membrane potential in excitable cells. KV channels contain a central pore-gate domain (PGD) surrounded by four voltage-sensing domains (VSD). The VSDs will change conformation in response to alterations of the membrane potential thereby inducing the opening of the PGD. Many KV channels are heteromeric protein complexes containing auxiliary β subunits. These β subunits modulate channel expression and activity to increase functional diversity and render tissue specific phenotypes. This review focuses on the KV β subunits that contain transmembrane (TM) segments including the KCNE family and the β subunits of large conductance, Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ (BK) channels. These TM β subunits affect the voltage-dependent activation of KV α subunits. Experimental and computational studies have described the structural location of these β subunits in the channel complexes and the biophysical effects on VSD activation, PGD opening and VSD-PGD coupling. These results reveal some common characteristics and mechanistic insights into KV channel modulation by TM β subunits.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2012.00063/fullBKKCNQ1KvchannelKCNEKCNMB |
| spellingShingle | Xiaohui eSun Mark A. eZaydman Jianmin eCui Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits Frontiers in Pharmacology BK KCNQ1 Kv channel KCNE KCNMB |
| title | Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits |
| title_full | Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits |
| title_short | Regulation of KV channel voltage-dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits |
| title_sort | regulation of kv channel voltage dependent activation by transmembrane β subunits |
| topic | BK KCNQ1 Kv channel KCNE KCNMB |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphar.2012.00063/full |
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