NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
We analyse 214 cases worldwide where non-governmental organisations (NGOs) use ecotourism for conservation. Other stakeholders in these initiatives include local communities, the private sector, and government agencies. Stakeholder relationships determine NGO roles and project management structures...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2016-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5125656?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1811191803556134912 |
|---|---|
| author | Tania P Romero-Brito Ralf C Buckley Jason Byrne |
| author_facet | Tania P Romero-Brito Ralf C Buckley Jason Byrne |
| author_sort | Tania P Romero-Brito |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We analyse 214 cases worldwide where non-governmental organisations (NGOs) use ecotourism for conservation. Other stakeholders in these initiatives include local communities, the private sector, and government agencies. Stakeholder relationships determine NGO roles and project management structures and governance. We classified cases into 10 structural categories based on the initiating stakeholder and the NGO role, and used these categories to analyze geographic patterns and success factors. Most of the 214 cases are community-based (~170; 79%); most are in developing countries (190; 89%); and most are in protected areas (196; 91%). Frequencies of structural categories differ between continents. More cases in Latin America and Asia are initiated by NGOs and local communities, and more in Africa by the private sector. Case-study authors used a range of economic, socio-cultural and environmental criteria to judge whether projects were successful. At global scale, we found no significant association between project success and the involvement of private tourism entrepreneurs. Projects involving either local or international NGOs had higher success rates than those that involved both simultaneously. Future research could adopt political ecology approaches to examine: the factors that lead NGOs to adopt ecotourism enterprises; their internal decision-making processes and strategies; their interactions with the stakeholders involved; and their conservation goals and outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:43:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a0156a82f5c48dc967d0b34ba192173 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:43:03Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a0156a82f5c48dc967d0b34ba1921732022-12-22T03:56:44ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-011111e016691910.1371/journal.pone.0166919NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tania P Romero-BritoRalf C BuckleyJason ByrneWe analyse 214 cases worldwide where non-governmental organisations (NGOs) use ecotourism for conservation. Other stakeholders in these initiatives include local communities, the private sector, and government agencies. Stakeholder relationships determine NGO roles and project management structures and governance. We classified cases into 10 structural categories based on the initiating stakeholder and the NGO role, and used these categories to analyze geographic patterns and success factors. Most of the 214 cases are community-based (~170; 79%); most are in developing countries (190; 89%); and most are in protected areas (196; 91%). Frequencies of structural categories differ between continents. More cases in Latin America and Asia are initiated by NGOs and local communities, and more in Africa by the private sector. Case-study authors used a range of economic, socio-cultural and environmental criteria to judge whether projects were successful. At global scale, we found no significant association between project success and the involvement of private tourism entrepreneurs. Projects involving either local or international NGOs had higher success rates than those that involved both simultaneously. Future research could adopt political ecology approaches to examine: the factors that lead NGOs to adopt ecotourism enterprises; their internal decision-making processes and strategies; their interactions with the stakeholders involved; and their conservation goals and outcomes.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5125656?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Tania P Romero-Brito Ralf C Buckley Jason Byrne NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE |
| title | NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. |
| title_full | NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. |
| title_fullStr | NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. |
| title_short | NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. |
| title_sort | ngo partnerships in using ecotourism for conservation systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5125656?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taniapromerobrito ngopartnershipsinusingecotourismforconservationsystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT ralfcbuckley ngopartnershipsinusingecotourismforconservationsystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT jasonbyrne ngopartnershipsinusingecotourismforconservationsystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |