Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials
Manufacturing panels from Tetra Pak® (TP) packaging material might be an alternative to conventional wood-based panels. This study evaluated some chemical and physical properties as well as biological, weathering, and fire performance of panels with and without zinc borate (ZnB) by using shredded TP...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North Carolina State University
2014-06-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
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| Online Access: | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_09_3_4784_Yilgor_Degradation_Behavior_Accelerated_Weathering |
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| author | Nural Yilgo Coşkun Köse Evren Terzi Aysel Kantürk Figen Rebecca Ibach S. Nami Kartal Sabriye Pişkin |
| author_facet | Nural Yilgo Coşkun Köse Evren Terzi Aysel Kantürk Figen Rebecca Ibach S. Nami Kartal Sabriye Pişkin |
| author_sort | Nural Yilgo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Manufacturing panels from Tetra Pak® (TP) packaging material might be an alternative to conventional wood-based panels. This study evaluated some chemical and physical properties as well as biological, weathering, and fire performance of panels with and without zinc borate (ZnB) by using shredded TP packaging cartons. Such packaging material, a worldwide well-known multilayer beverage packaging system, is composed of cellulose, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and aluminum (Al). Panels produced from waste TP packaging material were also examined by FT-IR to understand the fungal deterioration and extent of degradation after accelerated weathering. Before FT-IR investigations, panel specimens were ground under nitrogen atmosphere due to non-uniformity of the composite material. The FT-IR results showed that fungal degradation occurred in the natural polymer of the panel matrix. Although the natural polymer is mostly composed of cellulose, there were also small amounts of polyoses and lignin. It was seen that especially polyose and lignin bands in FT-IR spectra were affected more than cellulose bands by fungal attack. No changes were observed by the fungi in the plastic component (LDPE) of the matrix; however, LDPE seemed more sensitive to weathering than cellulose. Incorporation of ZnB at loading level of 1% (w/w) did not contribute fire performance of the panels when compared to control panel specimens, while a loading level of 10% improved fire performance considering test parameters such as mass loss, ignition time and peak heat release rate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T00:34:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a022fa2317e4e9fb81e2458cc3d0d99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2126 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T00:34:10Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioResources |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a022fa2317e4e9fb81e2458cc3d0d992022-12-22T03:10:22ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21261930-21262014-06-01934784480710.15376/biores.9.3.4784-4807Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging MaterialsNural Yilgo0Coşkun Köse1Evren Terzi2Aysel Kantürk Figen3Rebecca Ibach4S. Nami Kartal5Sabriye Pişkin6Forestry Faculty Istanbul University Bahcekoy Istanbul 34473 TURKEYDepartment of Forest Biology & Wood Protection Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 34473 Bahcekoy, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Forest Biology & Wood Protection Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 34473 Bahcekoy, Istanbul, TurkeyChemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, TurkeyUSDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory, 53726 Madison, WI, USADepartment of Forest Biology & Wood Protection Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 34473 Bahcekoy, Istanbul, TurkeyChemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, TurkeyManufacturing panels from Tetra Pak® (TP) packaging material might be an alternative to conventional wood-based panels. This study evaluated some chemical and physical properties as well as biological, weathering, and fire performance of panels with and without zinc borate (ZnB) by using shredded TP packaging cartons. Such packaging material, a worldwide well-known multilayer beverage packaging system, is composed of cellulose, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and aluminum (Al). Panels produced from waste TP packaging material were also examined by FT-IR to understand the fungal deterioration and extent of degradation after accelerated weathering. Before FT-IR investigations, panel specimens were ground under nitrogen atmosphere due to non-uniformity of the composite material. The FT-IR results showed that fungal degradation occurred in the natural polymer of the panel matrix. Although the natural polymer is mostly composed of cellulose, there were also small amounts of polyoses and lignin. It was seen that especially polyose and lignin bands in FT-IR spectra were affected more than cellulose bands by fungal attack. No changes were observed by the fungi in the plastic component (LDPE) of the matrix; however, LDPE seemed more sensitive to weathering than cellulose. Incorporation of ZnB at loading level of 1% (w/w) did not contribute fire performance of the panels when compared to control panel specimens, while a loading level of 10% improved fire performance considering test parameters such as mass loss, ignition time and peak heat release rate.http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_09_3_4784_Yilgor_Degradation_Behavior_Accelerated_WeatheringTetra Pak ®packagesDecay resistanceWeatheringFire resistanceFT-IRZinc borateMoisture sorptionGrinding with nitrogen |
| spellingShingle | Nural Yilgo Coşkun Köse Evren Terzi Aysel Kantürk Figen Rebecca Ibach S. Nami Kartal Sabriye Pişkin Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials BioResources Tetra Pak ®packages Decay resistance Weathering Fire resistance FT-IR Zinc borate Moisture sorption Grinding with nitrogen |
| title | Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials |
| title_full | Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials |
| title_fullStr | Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials |
| title_short | Degradation Behavior and Accelerated Weathering of Composite Boards Produced from Waste Tetra Pak® Packaging Materials |
| title_sort | degradation behavior and accelerated weathering of composite boards produced from waste tetra pak r packaging materials |
| topic | Tetra Pak ®packages Decay resistance Weathering Fire resistance FT-IR Zinc borate Moisture sorption Grinding with nitrogen |
| url | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_09_3_4784_Yilgor_Degradation_Behavior_Accelerated_Weathering |
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