A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications
Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication facilitates the improved safety, comfort, and efficiency of vehicles and mobility by exchanging information between vehicles and other entities. In general, only the macrocell or only the femtocell is the communication infrastructure for C-V2X. Cu...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/3/556 |
| _version_ | 1811268464919183360 |
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| author | Qiaozhi Hua Keping Yu Zheng Wen Takuro Sato |
| author_facet | Qiaozhi Hua Keping Yu Zheng Wen Takuro Sato |
| author_sort | Qiaozhi Hua |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication facilitates the improved safety, comfort, and efficiency of vehicles and mobility by exchanging information between vehicles and other entities. In general, only the macrocell or only the femtocell is the communication infrastructure for C-V2X. Currently, a macro-femtocell network is used as the new C-V2X networking architecture. However, there are two unresolved problems for C-V2X in macro-femtocell networks. Firstly, vehicle mobility requires the frequent switching of connections between different base stations; invalid switching results in worse communication quality. Secondly, unintelligent base station selections cause network congestion and network-load imbalance. To address the above challenges, this paper proposes a base station selection strategy based on a Markov decision policy for a vehicle in a macro-femtocell system. Firstly, we present a mechanism to predict received signal strength (RSS) for base station selection. Secondly, a comparing Markov decision policy algorithm is presented in C-V2X. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to achieve predicted RSS based on a Markov decision policy in C-V2X technology. To validate the proposed mechanism, we simulated the traditional base station selection and our proposal when the vehicle moved at different speeds. This demonstrates that the effectiveness of a traditional base station selection policy is obvious only at high speeds, and this weakness can be resolved by our proposal. Then, we compare our solution with the traditional base station selection policy. The simulation results show that our solution is effective at switching connections between base stations, and it can effectively prevent the overloading of network resources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:23:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a026474d1484c2b847c9a74350bf451 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:23:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a026474d1484c2b847c9a74350bf4512022-12-22T03:16:15ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-02-019355610.3390/app9030556app9030556A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) CommunicationsQiaozhi Hua0Keping Yu1Zheng Wen2Takuro Sato3Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, JapanGlobal Information and Telecommunication Institute, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, JapanFaculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, JapanFaculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, JapanCellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication facilitates the improved safety, comfort, and efficiency of vehicles and mobility by exchanging information between vehicles and other entities. In general, only the macrocell or only the femtocell is the communication infrastructure for C-V2X. Currently, a macro-femtocell network is used as the new C-V2X networking architecture. However, there are two unresolved problems for C-V2X in macro-femtocell networks. Firstly, vehicle mobility requires the frequent switching of connections between different base stations; invalid switching results in worse communication quality. Secondly, unintelligent base station selections cause network congestion and network-load imbalance. To address the above challenges, this paper proposes a base station selection strategy based on a Markov decision policy for a vehicle in a macro-femtocell system. Firstly, we present a mechanism to predict received signal strength (RSS) for base station selection. Secondly, a comparing Markov decision policy algorithm is presented in C-V2X. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to achieve predicted RSS based on a Markov decision policy in C-V2X technology. To validate the proposed mechanism, we simulated the traditional base station selection and our proposal when the vehicle moved at different speeds. This demonstrates that the effectiveness of a traditional base station selection policy is obvious only at high speeds, and this weakness can be resolved by our proposal. Then, we compare our solution with the traditional base station selection policy. The simulation results show that our solution is effective at switching connections between base stations, and it can effectively prevent the overloading of network resources.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/3/556C-V2Xmacro-femtocell systemMarkov decision policyload-balance control |
| spellingShingle | Qiaozhi Hua Keping Yu Zheng Wen Takuro Sato A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications Applied Sciences C-V2X macro-femtocell system Markov decision policy load-balance control |
| title | A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications |
| title_full | A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications |
| title_short | A Novel Base-Station Selection Strategy for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) Communications |
| title_sort | novel base station selection strategy for cellular vehicle to everything c v2x communications |
| topic | C-V2X macro-femtocell system Markov decision policy load-balance control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/3/556 |
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