Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis
Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute significantly to atherogenesis. We and others have demonstrated that mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels protect against coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis, most likely due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of bilirubin. The aim...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/11/2118 |
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| author | Libor Vítek Alena Jirásková Ivana Malíková Gabriela Dostálová Lenka Eremiášová Vilém Danzig Aleš Linhart Martin Haluzík |
| author_facet | Libor Vítek Alena Jirásková Ivana Malíková Gabriela Dostálová Lenka Eremiášová Vilém Danzig Aleš Linhart Martin Haluzík |
| author_sort | Libor Vítek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute significantly to atherogenesis. We and others have demonstrated that mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels protect against coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis, most likely due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of bilirubin. The aim of the present study was to assess serum bilirubin and the markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in both healthy subjects and patients with various forms of atherosclerosis. The study was performed in patients with premature myocardial infarction (n = 129), chronic ischemic heart disease (n = 43), peripheral artery disease (PAD, n = 69), and healthy subjects (n = 225). In all subjects, standard serum biochemistry, <i>UGT1A1</i> genotypes, total antioxidant status (TAS), and concentrations of various pro- and anti-inflammatory chemokines were determined. Compared to controls, all atherosclerotic groups had significantly lower serum bilirubin and TAS, while having much higher serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and most of the analyzed proinflammatory cytokines (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all comparisons). Surprisingly, the highest inflammation, and the lowest antioxidant status, together with the lowest serum bilirubin, was observed in PAD patients, and not in premature atherosclerosis. In conclusion, elevated serum bilirubin is positively correlated with TAS, and negatively related to inflammatory markers. Compared to healthy subjects, patients with atherosclerosis have a much higher degree of oxidative stress and inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:18:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a210b659d3c492b9bfbf1e44abfcd14 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:18:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a210b659d3c492b9bfbf1e44abfcd142023-11-24T03:29:32ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-10-011111211810.3390/antiox11112118Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of AtherosclerosisLibor Vítek0Alena Jirásková1Ivana Malíková2Gabriela Dostálová3Lenka Eremiášová4Vilém Danzig5Aleš Linhart6Martin Haluzík7Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic2nd Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, U. Nemocnice 2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic2nd Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, U. Nemocnice 2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic2nd Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, U. Nemocnice 2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic2nd Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, U. Nemocnice 2, 128 08 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech RepublicOxidative stress and inflammation contribute significantly to atherogenesis. We and others have demonstrated that mildly elevated serum bilirubin levels protect against coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis, most likely due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of bilirubin. The aim of the present study was to assess serum bilirubin and the markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in both healthy subjects and patients with various forms of atherosclerosis. The study was performed in patients with premature myocardial infarction (n = 129), chronic ischemic heart disease (n = 43), peripheral artery disease (PAD, n = 69), and healthy subjects (n = 225). In all subjects, standard serum biochemistry, <i>UGT1A1</i> genotypes, total antioxidant status (TAS), and concentrations of various pro- and anti-inflammatory chemokines were determined. Compared to controls, all atherosclerotic groups had significantly lower serum bilirubin and TAS, while having much higher serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and most of the analyzed proinflammatory cytokines (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all comparisons). Surprisingly, the highest inflammation, and the lowest antioxidant status, together with the lowest serum bilirubin, was observed in PAD patients, and not in premature atherosclerosis. In conclusion, elevated serum bilirubin is positively correlated with TAS, and negatively related to inflammatory markers. Compared to healthy subjects, patients with atherosclerosis have a much higher degree of oxidative stress and inflammation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/11/2118atherogenesisatherosclerosisbilirubininflammationoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Libor Vítek Alena Jirásková Ivana Malíková Gabriela Dostálová Lenka Eremiášová Vilém Danzig Aleš Linhart Martin Haluzík Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis Antioxidants atherogenesis atherosclerosis bilirubin inflammation oxidative stress |
| title | Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | Serum Bilirubin and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Healthy Population and in Patients with Various Forms of Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | serum bilirubin and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in a healthy population and in patients with various forms of atherosclerosis |
| topic | atherogenesis atherosclerosis bilirubin inflammation oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/11/2118 |
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