Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat
Abstract Starch synthase III plays a key role in starch biosynthesis and is highly expressed in developing wheat grains. To understand the contribution of SSIII to starch and grain properties, we developed wheat ssIIIa mutants in the elite cultivar Cadenza using in silico TILLING in a mutagenized po...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14995-0 |
| _version_ | 1811230761821405184 |
|---|---|
| author | Brendan Fahy Oscar Gonzalez George M. Savva Jennifer H. Ahn-Jarvis Frederick J. Warren Jack Dunn Alison Lovegrove Brittany A. Hazard |
| author_facet | Brendan Fahy Oscar Gonzalez George M. Savva Jennifer H. Ahn-Jarvis Frederick J. Warren Jack Dunn Alison Lovegrove Brittany A. Hazard |
| author_sort | Brendan Fahy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Starch synthase III plays a key role in starch biosynthesis and is highly expressed in developing wheat grains. To understand the contribution of SSIII to starch and grain properties, we developed wheat ssIIIa mutants in the elite cultivar Cadenza using in silico TILLING in a mutagenized population. SSIIIa protein was undetectable by immunoblot analysis in triple ssIIIa mutants carrying mutations in each homoeologous copy of ssIIIa (A, B and D). Loss of SSIIIa in triple mutants led to significant changes in starch phenotype including smaller A-type granules and altered granule morphology. Starch chain-length distributions of double and triple mutants indicated greater levels of amylose than sibling controls (33.8% of starch in triple mutants, and 29.3% in double mutants vs. 25.5% in sibling controls) and fewer long amylopectin chains. Wholemeal flour of triple mutants had more resistant starch (6.0% vs. 2.9% in sibling controls) and greater levels of non-starch polysaccharides; the grains appeared shrunken and weighed ~ 11% less than the sibling control which was partially explained by loss in starch content. Interestingly, our study revealed gene dosage effects which could be useful for fine-tuning starch properties in wheat breeding applications while minimizing impact on grain weight and quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:34:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a26f34a1b83414f91d7de106f59b640 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:34:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a26f34a1b83414f91d7de106f59b6402022-12-22T03:36:46ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-06-0112111410.1038/s41598-022-14995-0Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheatBrendan Fahy0Oscar Gonzalez1George M. Savva2Jennifer H. Ahn-Jarvis3Frederick J. Warren4Jack Dunn5Alison Lovegrove6Brittany A. Hazard7John Innes CentreQuadram Institute BioscienceQuadram Institute BioscienceQuadram Institute BioscienceQuadram Institute BioscienceRothamsted ResearchRothamsted ResearchQuadram Institute BioscienceAbstract Starch synthase III plays a key role in starch biosynthesis and is highly expressed in developing wheat grains. To understand the contribution of SSIII to starch and grain properties, we developed wheat ssIIIa mutants in the elite cultivar Cadenza using in silico TILLING in a mutagenized population. SSIIIa protein was undetectable by immunoblot analysis in triple ssIIIa mutants carrying mutations in each homoeologous copy of ssIIIa (A, B and D). Loss of SSIIIa in triple mutants led to significant changes in starch phenotype including smaller A-type granules and altered granule morphology. Starch chain-length distributions of double and triple mutants indicated greater levels of amylose than sibling controls (33.8% of starch in triple mutants, and 29.3% in double mutants vs. 25.5% in sibling controls) and fewer long amylopectin chains. Wholemeal flour of triple mutants had more resistant starch (6.0% vs. 2.9% in sibling controls) and greater levels of non-starch polysaccharides; the grains appeared shrunken and weighed ~ 11% less than the sibling control which was partially explained by loss in starch content. Interestingly, our study revealed gene dosage effects which could be useful for fine-tuning starch properties in wheat breeding applications while minimizing impact on grain weight and quality.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14995-0 |
| spellingShingle | Brendan Fahy Oscar Gonzalez George M. Savva Jennifer H. Ahn-Jarvis Frederick J. Warren Jack Dunn Alison Lovegrove Brittany A. Hazard Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat Scientific Reports |
| title | Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat |
| title_full | Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat |
| title_fullStr | Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat |
| title_short | Loss of starch synthase IIIa changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat |
| title_sort | loss of starch synthase iiia changes starch molecular structure and granule morphology in grains of hexaploid bread wheat |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14995-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brendanfahy lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT oscargonzalez lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT georgemsavva lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT jenniferhahnjarvis lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT frederickjwarren lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT jackdunn lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT alisonlovegrove lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat AT brittanyahazard lossofstarchsynthaseiiiachangesstarchmolecularstructureandgranulemorphologyingrainsofhexaploidbreadwheat |