Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt
Background: Encephalitozoon cuniculi infects a wide range of homoeothermic animals, including man. Complications due to this microsporidian have been reported only in immunocompromised patients. Reports on E. cuniculi in immunocompetent humans are lacking, most probably, because it is not linked to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2015-12-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Parasitology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/655 |
| _version_ | 1818866075649966080 |
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| author | Somaia Saif ABU-AKKADA Eman Dorry Hussein EL KERDANY Rasha Fadly MADY Radwa Galal DIAB Gehan Abd Elatti KHEDR Karam Imam ASHMAWY Wael Mohamed LOTFY |
| author_facet | Somaia Saif ABU-AKKADA Eman Dorry Hussein EL KERDANY Rasha Fadly MADY Radwa Galal DIAB Gehan Abd Elatti KHEDR Karam Imam ASHMAWY Wael Mohamed LOTFY |
| author_sort | Somaia Saif ABU-AKKADA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Encephalitozoon cuniculi infects a wide range of homoeothermic animals, including man. Complications due to this microsporidian have been reported only in immunocompromised patients. Reports on E. cuniculi in immunocompetent humans are lacking, most probably, because it is not linked to any clinical manifestations in such hosts. The present work was carried out with the aim of studying, for the first time in Egypt, the prevalence of E. cuniculi infection of urinary tract among non-HIV immunocompromised patients and immunocompetent individuals. It tested also the influence of some factors on the risk of infection.
Methods: Blood and urine samples were collected from 88 persons (44 non-HIV immunocompromised patients and 44 subjects as immunocompetent control group). IFAT serological assay and Weber’s green modified trichrome stain (MTS) urine smears were carried out. Molecular study by PCR was also performed to detect DNA of E. cuniculi in urine samples. A full history sheet was fulfilled for each subject to test the suspected risk factors.
Results: The IFAT examination confirmed the presence of antibodies against E. cuniculi in 44.3% of the human subjects. The seroprevalence of E. cuniculi was significantly higher in the immunocompromised patients compared with the immunocompetent individuals (77.3% versus 11.4%). Compared with IFAT (the gold standard), the sensitivity and specificity of Weber’s green MTS smears were 69.23% and 89.80%. By using PCR, no positive cases were detected among human subjects.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of E. cuniculi infection in the studied individuals was noted. Although infection was found in some immunocompetent individuals, the immune status of the host remains the corner stone for occurrence of the infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T10:57:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a2f22e8c5bb416da94c747d75b2a0d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-7020 2008-238X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T10:57:41Z |
| publishDate | 2015-12-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Parasitology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a2f22e8c5bb416da94c747d75b2a0d72022-12-21T20:24:45ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Parasitology1735-70202008-238X2015-12-01104524Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in EgyptSomaia Saif ABU-AKKADA0Eman Dorry Hussein EL KERDANY1Rasha Fadly MADY2Radwa Galal DIAB3Gehan Abd Elatti KHEDR4Karam Imam ASHMAWY5Wael Mohamed LOTFY6Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, EgyptMedical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, EgyptMedical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, EgyptMedical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, EgyptClinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, EgyptParasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, EgyptParasitology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, EgyptBackground: Encephalitozoon cuniculi infects a wide range of homoeothermic animals, including man. Complications due to this microsporidian have been reported only in immunocompromised patients. Reports on E. cuniculi in immunocompetent humans are lacking, most probably, because it is not linked to any clinical manifestations in such hosts. The present work was carried out with the aim of studying, for the first time in Egypt, the prevalence of E. cuniculi infection of urinary tract among non-HIV immunocompromised patients and immunocompetent individuals. It tested also the influence of some factors on the risk of infection. Methods: Blood and urine samples were collected from 88 persons (44 non-HIV immunocompromised patients and 44 subjects as immunocompetent control group). IFAT serological assay and Weber’s green modified trichrome stain (MTS) urine smears were carried out. Molecular study by PCR was also performed to detect DNA of E. cuniculi in urine samples. A full history sheet was fulfilled for each subject to test the suspected risk factors. Results: The IFAT examination confirmed the presence of antibodies against E. cuniculi in 44.3% of the human subjects. The seroprevalence of E. cuniculi was significantly higher in the immunocompromised patients compared with the immunocompetent individuals (77.3% versus 11.4%). Compared with IFAT (the gold standard), the sensitivity and specificity of Weber’s green MTS smears were 69.23% and 89.80%. By using PCR, no positive cases were detected among human subjects. Conclusion: A high prevalence of E. cuniculi infection in the studied individuals was noted. Although infection was found in some immunocompetent individuals, the immune status of the host remains the corner stone for occurrence of the infection.https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/655ProtozoaManMicrosporidiaOpportunistic |
| spellingShingle | Somaia Saif ABU-AKKADA Eman Dorry Hussein EL KERDANY Rasha Fadly MADY Radwa Galal DIAB Gehan Abd Elatti KHEDR Karam Imam ASHMAWY Wael Mohamed LOTFY Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt Iranian Journal of Parasitology Protozoa Man Microsporidia Opportunistic |
| title | Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt |
| title_full | Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt |
| title_fullStr | Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt |
| title_short | Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in Egypt |
| title_sort | encephalitozoon cuniculi infection among immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans in egypt |
| topic | Protozoa Man Microsporidia Opportunistic |
| url | https://ijpa.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijpa/article/view/655 |
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