Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland
Nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for plant growth in peatland ecosystems. Nitrogen addition significantly affects the plant biomass, diversity and community structure in peatlands. However, the response of belowground microbe to nitrogen addition in peatland ecosystems remains largely unknown. In t...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| author | Xiuyan Ma Yanyu Song Changchun Song Xianwei Wang Nannan Wang Siqi Gao Xiaofeng Cheng Zhendi Liu Jinli Gao Yu Du |
| author_facet | Xiuyan Ma Yanyu Song Changchun Song Xianwei Wang Nannan Wang Siqi Gao Xiaofeng Cheng Zhendi Liu Jinli Gao Yu Du |
| author_sort | Xiuyan Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for plant growth in peatland ecosystems. Nitrogen addition significantly affects the plant biomass, diversity and community structure in peatlands. However, the response of belowground microbe to nitrogen addition in peatland ecosystems remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed long-term nitrogen addition experiments in a permafrost peatland in the northwest slope of the Great Xing’an Mountains. The four nitrogen addition treatments applied in this study were 0 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (CK), 6 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (N1), 12 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (N2), and 24 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (N3). Effects of nitrogen addition over a period of nine growing seasons on the soil microbial abundance and community diversity in permafrost peatland were analyzed. The results showed that the abundances of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea, nitrogen-cycling genes (<i>nif</i>H and b-<i>amo</i>A), and <i>mcr</i>A increased in N1, N2, and N3 treatments compared to CK. This indicated that nitrogen addition promoted microbial decomposition of soil organic matter, nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation, nitrification, and methane production. Moreover, nitrogen addition altered the microbial community composition. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased significantly in the N2 treatment. However, the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Verrucifera in the N2 treatment and Patescibacteria in the N1 treatment decreased significantly. The heatmap showed that the dominant order composition of soil bacteria in N1, N2, and N3 treatments and the CK treatment were different, and the dominant order composition of soil fungi in CK and N3 treatments were different. The N1 treatment showed a significant increase in the Ace and Chao indices of bacteria and Simpson index of fungi. The outcomes of this study suggest that nitrogen addition altered the soil microbial abundance, community structure, and diversity, affecting the soil microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling in permafrost peatland. The results are helpful to understand the microbial mediation on ecological processes in response to N addition. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2a56b390907f4102813a10cce67e11762023-11-23T09:38:52ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-12-01912249810.3390/microorganisms9122498Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost PeatlandXiuyan Ma0Yanyu Song1Changchun Song2Xianwei Wang3Nannan Wang4Siqi Gao5Xiaofeng Cheng6Zhendi Liu7Jinli Gao8Yu Du9Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, ChinaNitrogen is the limiting nutrient for plant growth in peatland ecosystems. Nitrogen addition significantly affects the plant biomass, diversity and community structure in peatlands. However, the response of belowground microbe to nitrogen addition in peatland ecosystems remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed long-term nitrogen addition experiments in a permafrost peatland in the northwest slope of the Great Xing’an Mountains. The four nitrogen addition treatments applied in this study were 0 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (CK), 6 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (N1), 12 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (N2), and 24 g N·m<sup>−2</sup>·year<sup>−1</sup> (N3). Effects of nitrogen addition over a period of nine growing seasons on the soil microbial abundance and community diversity in permafrost peatland were analyzed. The results showed that the abundances of soil bacteria, fungi, archaea, nitrogen-cycling genes (<i>nif</i>H and b-<i>amo</i>A), and <i>mcr</i>A increased in N1, N2, and N3 treatments compared to CK. This indicated that nitrogen addition promoted microbial decomposition of soil organic matter, nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation, nitrification, and methane production. Moreover, nitrogen addition altered the microbial community composition. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased significantly in the N2 treatment. However, the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Verrucifera in the N2 treatment and Patescibacteria in the N1 treatment decreased significantly. The heatmap showed that the dominant order composition of soil bacteria in N1, N2, and N3 treatments and the CK treatment were different, and the dominant order composition of soil fungi in CK and N3 treatments were different. The N1 treatment showed a significant increase in the Ace and Chao indices of bacteria and Simpson index of fungi. The outcomes of this study suggest that nitrogen addition altered the soil microbial abundance, community structure, and diversity, affecting the soil microbial carbon and nitrogen cycling in permafrost peatland. The results are helpful to understand the microbial mediation on ecological processes in response to N addition.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2498nitrogen inputsoil microbial functional gene abundancesoil microbial community diversitypermafrost peatland |
| spellingShingle | Xiuyan Ma Yanyu Song Changchun Song Xianwei Wang Nannan Wang Siqi Gao Xiaofeng Cheng Zhendi Liu Jinli Gao Yu Du Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland Microorganisms nitrogen input soil microbial functional gene abundance soil microbial community diversity permafrost peatland |
| title | Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland |
| title_full | Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland |
| title_short | Effect of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Microbial Functional Gene Abundance and Community Diversity in Permafrost Peatland |
| title_sort | effect of nitrogen addition on soil microbial functional gene abundance and community diversity in permafrost peatland |
| topic | nitrogen input soil microbial functional gene abundance soil microbial community diversity permafrost peatland |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2498 |
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