Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions
This paper presents analyses of the economic and environmental impact of relevant phosphorus management policy scenarios, using representative pig and poultry farms in the Emilia-Romagna region (Po River basin, Italy) and Niedersachsen region (Ems River basin, Germany) as case studies. The analysis...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.852887/full |
| _version_ | 1828111790645444608 |
|---|---|
| author | Linda Arata Anwesha Chakrabarti Nelson Ekane Henning Lyngsø Foged Christoph Pahmeyer Arno Rosemarin Paolo Sckokai |
| author_facet | Linda Arata Anwesha Chakrabarti Nelson Ekane Henning Lyngsø Foged Christoph Pahmeyer Arno Rosemarin Paolo Sckokai |
| author_sort | Linda Arata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents analyses of the economic and environmental impact of relevant phosphorus management policy scenarios, using representative pig and poultry farms in the Emilia-Romagna region (Po River basin, Italy) and Niedersachsen region (Ems River basin, Germany) as case studies. The analysis was done by using a farm-level linear programming bioeconomic model developed for different farm and animal types—sows, fattening pigs, laying hens and broilers. The baseline for the assessed scenarios involved farms situated within the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) and therefore, were subject to indirect phosphorus fertilization limitations via the Nitrates Directive (ND). The analyzed phosphorus management policy scenarios included the implementation of two different balances of 8.7 kg and 4.35 kg of P per ha per year, inspired by the German Fertilizer Ordinance for phosphorus fertilization implemented in 2007 and later updated from 2017 up to 2023, respectively. We also included a more rigorous zero P balance scenario. The results of the scenario simulations, based on model assumptions, reveal that the introduction of direct phosphorus management policies for pig and poultry farms situated in high livestock dense regions can be done without causing any significant impact on farm gross margin (around 2% of reduction) for both regions and all four animal types, except for sows and broiler production in the Ems River Basin (up to 12% of reduction). Selected technologies and methods, inspired by current practices, have been analyzed for their cost efficiency to achieve the target P balance of the individual scenarios, including export of slurry out of the farm or export of separation solids. Results also highlight that the Nitrates Directive alone is not enough to handle the P issue in monogastric livestock farms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:40:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a65a60760424833bdc5131f3e2f4bf5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-581X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:40:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a65a60760424833bdc5131f3e2f4bf52022-12-22T04:25:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems2571-581X2022-09-01610.3389/fsufs.2022.852887852887Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regionsLinda Arata0Anwesha Chakrabarti1Nelson Ekane2Henning Lyngsø Foged3Christoph Pahmeyer4Arno Rosemarin5Paolo Sckokai6Department of Agro-food Economics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, ItalyDepartment of Agro-food Economics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, ItalyStockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, SwedenOrgane Institute, Skødstrup, DenmarkInstitute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyStockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Agro-food Economics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, ItalyThis paper presents analyses of the economic and environmental impact of relevant phosphorus management policy scenarios, using representative pig and poultry farms in the Emilia-Romagna region (Po River basin, Italy) and Niedersachsen region (Ems River basin, Germany) as case studies. The analysis was done by using a farm-level linear programming bioeconomic model developed for different farm and animal types—sows, fattening pigs, laying hens and broilers. The baseline for the assessed scenarios involved farms situated within the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) and therefore, were subject to indirect phosphorus fertilization limitations via the Nitrates Directive (ND). The analyzed phosphorus management policy scenarios included the implementation of two different balances of 8.7 kg and 4.35 kg of P per ha per year, inspired by the German Fertilizer Ordinance for phosphorus fertilization implemented in 2007 and later updated from 2017 up to 2023, respectively. We also included a more rigorous zero P balance scenario. The results of the scenario simulations, based on model assumptions, reveal that the introduction of direct phosphorus management policies for pig and poultry farms situated in high livestock dense regions can be done without causing any significant impact on farm gross margin (around 2% of reduction) for both regions and all four animal types, except for sows and broiler production in the Ems River Basin (up to 12% of reduction). Selected technologies and methods, inspired by current practices, have been analyzed for their cost efficiency to achieve the target P balance of the individual scenarios, including export of slurry out of the farm or export of separation solids. Results also highlight that the Nitrates Directive alone is not enough to handle the P issue in monogastric livestock farms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.852887/fullpigpoultrylivestock manurephosphorusregulationbioeconomy |
| spellingShingle | Linda Arata Anwesha Chakrabarti Nelson Ekane Henning Lyngsø Foged Christoph Pahmeyer Arno Rosemarin Paolo Sckokai Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems pig poultry livestock manure phosphorus regulation bioeconomy |
| title | Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions |
| title_full | Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions |
| title_short | Assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two European regions |
| title_sort | assessment of environmental and farm business impacts of phosphorus policies in two european regions |
| topic | pig poultry livestock manure phosphorus regulation bioeconomy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2022.852887/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lindaarata assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions AT anweshachakrabarti assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions AT nelsonekane assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions AT henninglyngsøfoged assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions AT christophpahmeyer assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions AT arnorosemarin assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions AT paolosckokai assessmentofenvironmentalandfarmbusinessimpactsofphosphoruspoliciesintwoeuropeanregions |