Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus insecticide commonly used for domestic and agricultural purposes. The risk posed by environmental contamination from CPF is well acknowledged, and it has been detected worldwide in aquatic habitats and coastal areas. In addition, due to its slower degradatio...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/8/4/97 |
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| author | Rachele Macirella Vittoria Curcio Elvira Brunelli |
| author_facet | Rachele Macirella Vittoria Curcio Elvira Brunelli |
| author_sort | Rachele Macirella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus insecticide commonly used for domestic and agricultural purposes. The risk posed by environmental contamination from CPF is well acknowledged, and it has been detected worldwide in aquatic habitats and coastal areas. In addition, due to its slower degradation in seawater compared to freshwater, CPF is of particular concern for marine environments. Here, we investigated for the first time the morpho-functional alterations induced by CPF on the gills of <i>Thalassoma pavo</i>, a widespread species in the Mediterranean Sea. We tested the effects of two sublethal concentrations (4 and 8 µg/L) after 48 and 96 h. Our study demonstrates that the alterations induced by CPF are dose and time-dependent and highlight the harmful properties of this insecticide. After exposure to the low tested concentration, the more frequent alteration is an intense proliferation of the primary epithelium, whereas after exposure to the high concentration, the primary epithelium proliferation is less extensive, and the most evident effects are the thinning of secondary lamellae and the ectopia of chloride and goblet cells. CPF also modulated the expression of Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase. Dilation of lamellar apical tips, pillar cell degeneration, and appearance of aneurysms are often observed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:00:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a65dd3d924843dda37bd6ae3fedab1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:00:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a65dd3d924843dda37bd6ae3fedab1c2023-11-20T20:08:44ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042020-11-01849710.3390/toxics8040097Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to ChlorpyrifosRachele Macirella0Vittoria Curcio1Elvira Brunelli2Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyDepartment of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyDepartment of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyChlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus insecticide commonly used for domestic and agricultural purposes. The risk posed by environmental contamination from CPF is well acknowledged, and it has been detected worldwide in aquatic habitats and coastal areas. In addition, due to its slower degradation in seawater compared to freshwater, CPF is of particular concern for marine environments. Here, we investigated for the first time the morpho-functional alterations induced by CPF on the gills of <i>Thalassoma pavo</i>, a widespread species in the Mediterranean Sea. We tested the effects of two sublethal concentrations (4 and 8 µg/L) after 48 and 96 h. Our study demonstrates that the alterations induced by CPF are dose and time-dependent and highlight the harmful properties of this insecticide. After exposure to the low tested concentration, the more frequent alteration is an intense proliferation of the primary epithelium, whereas after exposure to the high concentration, the primary epithelium proliferation is less extensive, and the most evident effects are the thinning of secondary lamellae and the ectopia of chloride and goblet cells. CPF also modulated the expression of Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase. Dilation of lamellar apical tips, pillar cell degeneration, and appearance of aneurysms are often observed.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/8/4/97organophosphorus pesticidesseawater fishgills morphologyultrastructureconfocal microscopyNa<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase |
| spellingShingle | Rachele Macirella Vittoria Curcio Elvira Brunelli Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos Toxics organophosphorus pesticides seawater fish gills morphology ultrastructure confocal microscopy Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase |
| title | Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos |
| title_full | Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos |
| title_fullStr | Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos |
| title_short | Morpho-Functional Alterations in the Gills of a Seawater Teleost, the Ornate Wrasse (<i>Thalassoma pavo</i> L.), after Short-Term Exposure to Chlorpyrifos |
| title_sort | morpho functional alterations in the gills of a seawater teleost the ornate wrasse i thalassoma pavo i l after short term exposure to chlorpyrifos |
| topic | organophosphorus pesticides seawater fish gills morphology ultrastructure confocal microscopy Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/8/4/97 |
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