Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study
In our study, the structural and morphological applications of hydroxyapatite and chitosan nanoparticles and coated micro-implants were assessed for their ability to combat oral pathogenic bacteria. The hydroxyapatite, as well as chitosan nanoparticles, were synthesized from the <i>Salvadora p...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/581 |
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| author | Anwar S. Alhazmi Sohier M. Syame Wael S. Mohamed Ashraf S. Hakim |
| author_facet | Anwar S. Alhazmi Sohier M. Syame Wael S. Mohamed Ashraf S. Hakim |
| author_sort | Anwar S. Alhazmi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In our study, the structural and morphological applications of hydroxyapatite and chitosan nanoparticles and coated micro-implants were assessed for their ability to combat oral pathogenic bacteria. The hydroxyapatite, as well as chitosan nanoparticles, were synthesized from the <i>Salvadora persica</i> plant. The crystal morphology, phase composition, particle size, and surface functional groups of the nano-samples were analyzed via classical examinations and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The prepared nanoparticles have been examined for antibacterial activity against four common oral bacterial strains. The antimicrobial effect was also assessed by the Live/Dead BacLight technique in combination with confocal scanning laser microscopy. Titanium micro-implants were coated with regular hydroxyapatite (HAP) and chitosan nanoparticles, and the surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The analysis asserted elemental composition of the prepared nanoparticles and their textural features, metal crystallization, and functional bonds. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against oral pathogenic microorganisms by the disc diffusion method, minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Chitosan nanoparticles showed (MICs) of 8 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> for (<i>Streptococcus salivarius</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>), and 16 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> for <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i>. HAP nanoparticles showed (MICs) of 16 μg/mL for <i>E. faecalis</i>, and <i>S. sanguis</i>, 8 μg/mL for <i>S. salivarius</i> and finally 4 μg/mL for <i>S. mutans</i>. HAP nanoparticles showed enhanced antibacterial activity and more obvious damage in the bacterial cell membrane than that of synthesized chitosan nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles could successfully coat titanium microplates to enhance their efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:15:16Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:15:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a6c3b5ac4394eea85adfd09715ec6052023-11-30T21:36:23ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-03-0110358110.3390/microorganisms10030581Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial StudyAnwar S. Alhazmi0Sohier M. Syame1Wael S. Mohamed2Ashraf S. Hakim3Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 82912, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptDepartment of Polymer, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, EgyptIn our study, the structural and morphological applications of hydroxyapatite and chitosan nanoparticles and coated micro-implants were assessed for their ability to combat oral pathogenic bacteria. The hydroxyapatite, as well as chitosan nanoparticles, were synthesized from the <i>Salvadora persica</i> plant. The crystal morphology, phase composition, particle size, and surface functional groups of the nano-samples were analyzed via classical examinations and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The prepared nanoparticles have been examined for antibacterial activity against four common oral bacterial strains. The antimicrobial effect was also assessed by the Live/Dead BacLight technique in combination with confocal scanning laser microscopy. Titanium micro-implants were coated with regular hydroxyapatite (HAP) and chitosan nanoparticles, and the surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The analysis asserted elemental composition of the prepared nanoparticles and their textural features, metal crystallization, and functional bonds. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against oral pathogenic microorganisms by the disc diffusion method, minimum bacterial concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Chitosan nanoparticles showed (MICs) of 8 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> for (<i>Streptococcus salivarius</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>), and 16 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> for <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i>. HAP nanoparticles showed (MICs) of 16 μg/mL for <i>E. faecalis</i>, and <i>S. sanguis</i>, 8 μg/mL for <i>S. salivarius</i> and finally 4 μg/mL for <i>S. mutans</i>. HAP nanoparticles showed enhanced antibacterial activity and more obvious damage in the bacterial cell membrane than that of synthesized chitosan nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles could successfully coat titanium microplates to enhance their efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/581nano-HAPoral pathogenschitosan<i>Salvadora persica</i>titanium micro-implants |
| spellingShingle | Anwar S. Alhazmi Sohier M. Syame Wael S. Mohamed Ashraf S. Hakim Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study Microorganisms nano-HAP oral pathogens chitosan <i>Salvadora persica</i> titanium micro-implants |
| title | Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study |
| title_full | Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study |
| title_fullStr | Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study |
| title_short | Incorporation of Plant Extracted Hydroxyapatite and Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Surface of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: An In-Vitro Antibacterial Study |
| title_sort | incorporation of plant extracted hydroxyapatite and chitosan nanoparticles on the surface of orthodontic micro implants an in vitro antibacterial study |
| topic | nano-HAP oral pathogens chitosan <i>Salvadora persica</i> titanium micro-implants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/3/581 |
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