Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
Complex RNA–RNA interactions are increasingly known to play key roles in numerous biological processes from gene expression control to ribonucleoprotein granule formation. By contrast, the nature of these interactions and characteristics of their interfaces, especially those that involve partially o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Non-Coding RNA |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/7/4/81 |
| _version_ | 1797501891382345728 |
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| author | Ilias Skeparnias Jinwei Zhang |
| author_facet | Ilias Skeparnias Jinwei Zhang |
| author_sort | Ilias Skeparnias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Complex RNA–RNA interactions are increasingly known to play key roles in numerous biological processes from gene expression control to ribonucleoprotein granule formation. By contrast, the nature of these interactions and characteristics of their interfaces, especially those that involve partially or wholly structured RNAs, remain elusive. Herein, we discuss different modalities of RNA–RNA interactions with an emphasis on those that depend on secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure. We dissect recently structurally elucidated RNA–RNA complexes including RNA triplexes, riboswitches, ribozymes, and reverse transcription complexes. These analyses highlight a reciprocal relationship that intimately links RNA structure formation with RNA–RNA interactions. The interactions not only shape and sculpt RNA structures but also are enabled and modulated by the structures they create. Understanding this two-way relationship between RNA structure and interactions provides mechanistic insights into the expanding repertoire of noncoding RNA functions, and may inform the design of novel therapeutics that target RNA structures or interactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:25:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a74d9039d00479d958481573305bfe6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-553X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:25:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Non-Coding RNA |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a74d9039d00479d958481573305bfe62023-11-23T09:53:14ZengMDPI AGNon-Coding RNA2311-553X2021-12-01748110.3390/ncrna7040081Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA InteractionsIlias Skeparnias0Jinwei Zhang1Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USALaboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAComplex RNA–RNA interactions are increasingly known to play key roles in numerous biological processes from gene expression control to ribonucleoprotein granule formation. By contrast, the nature of these interactions and characteristics of their interfaces, especially those that involve partially or wholly structured RNAs, remain elusive. Herein, we discuss different modalities of RNA–RNA interactions with an emphasis on those that depend on secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure. We dissect recently structurally elucidated RNA–RNA complexes including RNA triplexes, riboswitches, ribozymes, and reverse transcription complexes. These analyses highlight a reciprocal relationship that intimately links RNA structure formation with RNA–RNA interactions. The interactions not only shape and sculpt RNA structures but also are enabled and modulated by the structures they create. Understanding this two-way relationship between RNA structure and interactions provides mechanistic insights into the expanding repertoire of noncoding RNA functions, and may inform the design of novel therapeutics that target RNA structures or interactions.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/7/4/81RNARNA structureRNA–RNA interactionsbase pairbase stackingriboswitch |
| spellingShingle | Ilias Skeparnias Jinwei Zhang Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions Non-Coding RNA RNA RNA structure RNA–RNA interactions base pair base stacking riboswitch |
| title | Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions |
| title_full | Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions |
| title_fullStr | Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions |
| title_short | Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions |
| title_sort | cooperativity and interdependency between rna structure and rna rna interactions |
| topic | RNA RNA structure RNA–RNA interactions base pair base stacking riboswitch |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/7/4/81 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT iliasskeparnias cooperativityandinterdependencybetweenrnastructureandrnarnainteractions AT jinweizhang cooperativityandinterdependencybetweenrnastructureandrnarnainteractions |