The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults
Background: Research suggests sleep duration can influence metabolic systems including glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, hormone regulation, nervous system activity, and total energy expenditure (TEE), all of which are related to cardiometabolic disease risk, even in young adults. The purpose of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/1046 |
| _version_ | 1797618868190969856 |
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| author | Bilal A. Chaudhry Michael S. Brian Jesse Stabile Morrell |
| author_facet | Bilal A. Chaudhry Michael S. Brian Jesse Stabile Morrell |
| author_sort | Bilal A. Chaudhry |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Research suggests sleep duration can influence metabolic systems including glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, hormone regulation, nervous system activity, and total energy expenditure (TEE), all of which are related to cardiometabolic disease risk, even in young adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome severity scores (MSSS) in a sample of emerging adults (18–24 y/o). Methods: Data were collected between 2012 and 2021 from the College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey, an ongoing, cross-sectional study conducted at a midsized northeastern university. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical measures were obtained following an overnight fast and used to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS severity scores (MSSS) were calculated using race- and sex-specific formulas. Sleep duration was calculated from the difference in self-reported bedtime and wake time acquired through an online survey. ANCOVA was used to examine the relationship between sleep duration and MetS severity score while adjusting for covariates (age, sex, BMI, physical activity level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and academic major). Results: In the final sample (<i>n</i> = 3816), MetS (≥3 criteria) was present in 3.3% of students, while 15.4% of students presented with ≥2 MetS criteria. Mean MSSS was −0.65 ± 0.56, and the reported sleep duration was 8.2 ± 1.3 h/day. MSSS was higher among low sleepers (<7 h/day) and long sleepers (>9 h/day) compared to the reference sleepers (7–8 h/day) (−0.61 ± 0.02 and −0.63 ± 0.01 vs. −0.7 ± 0.02, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Conclusions: Our findings suggest short (<7 h/day) and long (>9 h/day) sleep durations raise the risk of MetS in a sample of emerging adults. Further research is needed to elucidate the impact of improving sleep habits on future disease risk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:18:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2a8436512a1a4d5ca41830f2f5212b57 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:18:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-2a8436512a1a4d5ca41830f2f5212b572023-11-16T22:32:29ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-02-01154104610.3390/nu15041046The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging AdultsBilal A. Chaudhry0Michael S. Brian1Jesse Stabile Morrell2Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USADepartment of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USADepartment of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USABackground: Research suggests sleep duration can influence metabolic systems including glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, hormone regulation, nervous system activity, and total energy expenditure (TEE), all of which are related to cardiometabolic disease risk, even in young adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome severity scores (MSSS) in a sample of emerging adults (18–24 y/o). Methods: Data were collected between 2012 and 2021 from the College Health and Nutrition Assessment Survey, an ongoing, cross-sectional study conducted at a midsized northeastern university. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical measures were obtained following an overnight fast and used to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS severity scores (MSSS) were calculated using race- and sex-specific formulas. Sleep duration was calculated from the difference in self-reported bedtime and wake time acquired through an online survey. ANCOVA was used to examine the relationship between sleep duration and MetS severity score while adjusting for covariates (age, sex, BMI, physical activity level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and academic major). Results: In the final sample (<i>n</i> = 3816), MetS (≥3 criteria) was present in 3.3% of students, while 15.4% of students presented with ≥2 MetS criteria. Mean MSSS was −0.65 ± 0.56, and the reported sleep duration was 8.2 ± 1.3 h/day. MSSS was higher among low sleepers (<7 h/day) and long sleepers (>9 h/day) compared to the reference sleepers (7–8 h/day) (−0.61 ± 0.02 and −0.63 ± 0.01 vs. −0.7 ± 0.02, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Conclusions: Our findings suggest short (<7 h/day) and long (>9 h/day) sleep durations raise the risk of MetS in a sample of emerging adults. Further research is needed to elucidate the impact of improving sleep habits on future disease risk.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/1046sleepsleep durationmetabolic syndromemetabolic syndrome severity scoreemerging adulthooddiabetes |
| spellingShingle | Bilal A. Chaudhry Michael S. Brian Jesse Stabile Morrell The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults Nutrients sleep sleep duration metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome severity score emerging adulthood diabetes |
| title | The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults |
| title_full | The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults |
| title_short | The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults |
| title_sort | relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome severity scores in emerging adults |
| topic | sleep sleep duration metabolic syndrome metabolic syndrome severity score emerging adulthood diabetes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/4/1046 |
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