Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase
Tungsten heavy alloys (THA) are used in the defense industry for subcaliber bullet cores due to their high density and strength. Typically methods of joining tungsten rod elements include: soldering, friction welding or threaded sleeve splicing. The properties of the joints were tested for three typ...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4965 |
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| author | Paweł Skoczylas Zbigniew Gulbinowicz Olgierd Goroch |
| author_facet | Paweł Skoczylas Zbigniew Gulbinowicz Olgierd Goroch |
| author_sort | Paweł Skoczylas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tungsten heavy alloys (THA) are used in the defense industry for subcaliber bullet cores due to their high density and strength. Typically methods of joining tungsten rod elements include: soldering, friction welding or threaded sleeve splicing. The properties of the joints were tested for three types of material containing 90.8, 96.2 and 98.2 wt.%. tungsten, density from 17.3 to 18.4 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and strength range 400–1000 MPa. Combination in the liquid phase at the sintering temperature was carried out in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1520 °C in a hydrogen atmosphere, and tests used pairs of both identical and dissimilar materials. After that, some of the bars were subjected to additional heat treatment at 1100 °C for 3 h. The tests of the mechanical properties in the static tensile test and the measurement of impact strength showed that the obtained strength of the joints was comparable to that of the parent material. The microstructure analysis showed that the resulting joint area, while maintaining the appropriate roughness of the joined end faces of the bars, is homogeneous without areas of the solidified matrix of the joint line. Research showed that it is possible to bond under sintering conditions with the participation of a solid liquid phase of homonymous and dissimilar THA materials. The strength of joints in dissimilar materials was comparable to a tungsten heavy alloy material with lower strength in the bonded pair while homonymous materials were comparable to the original material. The test results provided a good basis for further research in which the obtained pairs of joints will be subjected to plastic working processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:05:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2aa5637b37734477b0438882319a8ecb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:05:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-2aa5637b37734477b0438882319a8ecb2023-11-20T19:47:42ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-11-011321496510.3390/ma13214965Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid PhasePaweł Skoczylas0Zbigniew Gulbinowicz1Olgierd Goroch2Department of Mechanics and Weaponry Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Mechanics and Weaponry Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Mechanics and Weaponry Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524 Warsaw, PolandTungsten heavy alloys (THA) are used in the defense industry for subcaliber bullet cores due to their high density and strength. Typically methods of joining tungsten rod elements include: soldering, friction welding or threaded sleeve splicing. The properties of the joints were tested for three types of material containing 90.8, 96.2 and 98.2 wt.%. tungsten, density from 17.3 to 18.4 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and strength range 400–1000 MPa. Combination in the liquid phase at the sintering temperature was carried out in a vacuum furnace at a temperature of 1520 °C in a hydrogen atmosphere, and tests used pairs of both identical and dissimilar materials. After that, some of the bars were subjected to additional heat treatment at 1100 °C for 3 h. The tests of the mechanical properties in the static tensile test and the measurement of impact strength showed that the obtained strength of the joints was comparable to that of the parent material. The microstructure analysis showed that the resulting joint area, while maintaining the appropriate roughness of the joined end faces of the bars, is homogeneous without areas of the solidified matrix of the joint line. Research showed that it is possible to bond under sintering conditions with the participation of a solid liquid phase of homonymous and dissimilar THA materials. The strength of joints in dissimilar materials was comparable to a tungsten heavy alloy material with lower strength in the bonded pair while homonymous materials were comparable to the original material. The test results provided a good basis for further research in which the obtained pairs of joints will be subjected to plastic working processes.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4965APFSDS ammunitionsegment penetratorstungsten heavy alloys/weight heavy alloysintering with liquid phasecombining in the liquid phase at the sintering temperature |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Skoczylas Zbigniew Gulbinowicz Olgierd Goroch Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase Materials APFSDS ammunition segment penetrators tungsten heavy alloys/weight heavy alloy sintering with liquid phase combining in the liquid phase at the sintering temperature |
| title | Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase |
| title_full | Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase |
| title_fullStr | Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase |
| title_short | Microstructure and Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Connections Formed during Sintering with the Participation of the Liquid Phase |
| title_sort | microstructure and properties of tungsten heavy alloy connections formed during sintering with the participation of the liquid phase |
| topic | APFSDS ammunition segment penetrators tungsten heavy alloys/weight heavy alloy sintering with liquid phase combining in the liquid phase at the sintering temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4965 |
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