A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds
Among people with diabetes mellitus (DM), the two common strategies for decreasing peak plantar pressure (PPP) to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) risks are to modify walking speeds and to change insole materials. This study reviewed the PPP reduction based on various walking speeds and insole mat...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/24/11851 |
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| author | Fahni Haris Ben-Yi Liau Yih-Kuen Jan Veit Babak Hamun Akbari Yanuar Primanda Kuan-Han Lin Chi-Wen Lung |
| author_facet | Fahni Haris Ben-Yi Liau Yih-Kuen Jan Veit Babak Hamun Akbari Yanuar Primanda Kuan-Han Lin Chi-Wen Lung |
| author_sort | Fahni Haris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among people with diabetes mellitus (DM), the two common strategies for decreasing peak plantar pressure (PPP) to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) risks are to modify walking speeds and to change insole materials. This study reviewed the PPP reduction based on various walking speeds and insole materials. The articles were retrieved from four major scientific databases and manual search. We identified 1585 articles, of which 27 articles were selected for full-text analysis. We found that in faster walking speeds, the forefoot PPP was higher (308 kPa) than midfoot (150 kPa) and rearfoot (251 kPa) PPP. The appropriate walking speed for reducing the forefoot PPP was about 6 km/h for non-DM and 4 km/h for DM people. The forefoot PPP in DM people was 185% higher than that of non-DM people. Ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) insole material was the most popular material used by experts (26%) in the forefoot and reduced 37% of PPP. In conclusion, the suitable walking speed for DM was slower than for non-DM people, and EVA was the most common insole material used to decrease the PPP under the forefoot. The clinicians might recommend DM people to walk at 4 km/h and wear EVA insole material to minimize the DFUs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:37:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2aaef5f1a27247839f80b6e32d488d8a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:37:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-2aaef5f1a27247839f80b6e32d488d8a2023-11-23T03:39:21ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-0111241185110.3390/app112411851A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking SpeedsFahni Haris0Ben-Yi Liau1Yih-Kuen Jan2Veit Babak Hamun Akbari3Yanuar Primanda4Kuan-Han Lin5Chi-Wen Lung6School of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55183, IndonesiaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433304, TaiwanRehabilitation Engineering Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USADepartment of Creative Product Design, Asia University, Taichung 41354, TaiwanSchool of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55183, IndonesiaDepartment of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, TaiwanRehabilitation Engineering Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USAAmong people with diabetes mellitus (DM), the two common strategies for decreasing peak plantar pressure (PPP) to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) risks are to modify walking speeds and to change insole materials. This study reviewed the PPP reduction based on various walking speeds and insole materials. The articles were retrieved from four major scientific databases and manual search. We identified 1585 articles, of which 27 articles were selected for full-text analysis. We found that in faster walking speeds, the forefoot PPP was higher (308 kPa) than midfoot (150 kPa) and rearfoot (251 kPa) PPP. The appropriate walking speed for reducing the forefoot PPP was about 6 km/h for non-DM and 4 km/h for DM people. The forefoot PPP in DM people was 185% higher than that of non-DM people. Ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) insole material was the most popular material used by experts (26%) in the forefoot and reduced 37% of PPP. In conclusion, the suitable walking speed for DM was slower than for non-DM people, and EVA was the most common insole material used to decrease the PPP under the forefoot. The clinicians might recommend DM people to walk at 4 km/h and wear EVA insole material to minimize the DFUs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/24/11851diabetic foot ulcerwalking intensitiesplantar regionfootwearmechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Fahni Haris Ben-Yi Liau Yih-Kuen Jan Veit Babak Hamun Akbari Yanuar Primanda Kuan-Han Lin Chi-Wen Lung A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds Applied Sciences diabetic foot ulcer walking intensities plantar region footwear mechanical properties |
| title | A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds |
| title_full | A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds |
| title_fullStr | A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds |
| title_short | A Review of the Plantar Pressure Distribution Effects from Insole Materials and at Different Walking Speeds |
| title_sort | review of the plantar pressure distribution effects from insole materials and at different walking speeds |
| topic | diabetic foot ulcer walking intensities plantar region footwear mechanical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/24/11851 |
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