Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents
ObjectiveMode of delivery and well-being markers for newborn infants have been associated with later psychiatric problems in children and adolescents. However, only few studies have examined the association between birth outcomes and anxiety disorders and the results have been contradictory.MethodsT...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917299/full |
| _version_ | 1818532628384448512 |
|---|---|
| author | Tiia Ståhlberg Subina Upadhyaya Päivi Polo-Kantola Prakash Khanal Terhi Luntamo Terhi Luntamo Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Andre Sourander Andre Sourander |
| author_facet | Tiia Ståhlberg Subina Upadhyaya Päivi Polo-Kantola Prakash Khanal Terhi Luntamo Terhi Luntamo Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Andre Sourander Andre Sourander |
| author_sort | Tiia Ståhlberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveMode of delivery and well-being markers for newborn infants have been associated with later psychiatric problems in children and adolescents. However, only few studies have examined the association between birth outcomes and anxiety disorders and the results have been contradictory.MethodsThis study was a Finnish population-based register study, which comprised 22,181 children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and 74,726 controls. Three national registers were used to collect the data on exposures, confounders and outcomes. Mode of delivery, the 1-min Apgar score, umbilical artery pH and neonatal monitoring were studied as exposure variables for anxiety disorders and for specific anxiety disorders. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine these associations.ResultsUnplanned and planned cesarean sections increased the odds for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (adjusted OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.15 and aOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.19, respectively). After an additional adjustment for maternal diagnoses, unplanned cesarean sections remained statistically significant (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04–1.18). For specific anxiety disorders, planned cesarean sections and the need for neonatal monitoring increased the odds for specific phobia (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.01–1.44 and aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07–1.52, respectively).ConclusionsBirth by cesarean section increased the odds for later anxiety disorders in children and adolescents and unplanned cesarean sections showed an independent association. Further studies are needed to examine the mechanisms behind these associations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:48:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2ab565221dc64c40b42e4377d1e9526a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:48:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ab565221dc64c40b42e4377d1e9526a2022-12-22T00:56:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402022-07-011310.3389/fpsyt.2022.917299917299Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and AdolescentsTiia Ståhlberg0Subina Upadhyaya1Päivi Polo-Kantola2Prakash Khanal3Terhi Luntamo4Terhi Luntamo5Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki6Andre Sourander7Andre Sourander8Research Center for Child Psychiatry, INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandResearch Center for Child Psychiatry, INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, FinlandResearch Center for Child Psychiatry, INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandResearch Center for Child Psychiatry, INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, FinlandResearch Center for Child Psychiatry, INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandResearch Center for Child Psychiatry, INVEST Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandDepartment of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, FinlandObjectiveMode of delivery and well-being markers for newborn infants have been associated with later psychiatric problems in children and adolescents. However, only few studies have examined the association between birth outcomes and anxiety disorders and the results have been contradictory.MethodsThis study was a Finnish population-based register study, which comprised 22,181 children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and 74,726 controls. Three national registers were used to collect the data on exposures, confounders and outcomes. Mode of delivery, the 1-min Apgar score, umbilical artery pH and neonatal monitoring were studied as exposure variables for anxiety disorders and for specific anxiety disorders. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine these associations.ResultsUnplanned and planned cesarean sections increased the odds for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (adjusted OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.15 and aOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.19, respectively). After an additional adjustment for maternal diagnoses, unplanned cesarean sections remained statistically significant (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04–1.18). For specific anxiety disorders, planned cesarean sections and the need for neonatal monitoring increased the odds for specific phobia (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 1.01–1.44 and aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07–1.52, respectively).ConclusionsBirth by cesarean section increased the odds for later anxiety disorders in children and adolescents and unplanned cesarean sections showed an independent association. Further studies are needed to examine the mechanisms behind these associations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917299/fullcesarean sectionperinatal careepidemiologyanxiety disorderschild psychiatryadolescent psychiatry |
| spellingShingle | Tiia Ståhlberg Subina Upadhyaya Päivi Polo-Kantola Prakash Khanal Terhi Luntamo Terhi Luntamo Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Andre Sourander Andre Sourander Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents Frontiers in Psychiatry cesarean section perinatal care epidemiology anxiety disorders child psychiatry adolescent psychiatry |
| title | Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents |
| title_full | Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents |
| title_fullStr | Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents |
| title_short | Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents |
| title_sort | associations between delivery modes birth outcomes and offspring anxiety disorders in a population based birth cohort of children and adolescents |
| topic | cesarean section perinatal care epidemiology anxiety disorders child psychiatry adolescent psychiatry |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917299/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tiiastahlberg associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT subinaupadhyaya associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT paivipolokantola associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT prakashkhanal associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT terhiluntamo associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT terhiluntamo associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT susannahinkkaylisalomaki associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT andresourander associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents AT andresourander associationsbetweendeliverymodesbirthoutcomesandoffspringanxietydisordersinapopulationbasedbirthcohortofchildrenandadolescents |