Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer
Lung cancer has the lowest survival rate due to its late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis, and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. These factors decrease the effectiveness of treatment. They release chemokines and cytokines from the tumor microenvironment (TME). To improve the effectiveness of treatment, re...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1076 |
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| author | Kangkan Sarma Md Habban Akther Irfan Ahmad Obaid Afzal Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi Manal A. Alossaimi Mariusz Jaremko Abdul-Hamid Emwas Preety Gautam |
| author_facet | Kangkan Sarma Md Habban Akther Irfan Ahmad Obaid Afzal Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi Manal A. Alossaimi Mariusz Jaremko Abdul-Hamid Emwas Preety Gautam |
| author_sort | Kangkan Sarma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lung cancer has the lowest survival rate due to its late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis, and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. These factors decrease the effectiveness of treatment. They release chemokines and cytokines from the tumor microenvironment (TME). To improve the effectiveness of treatment, researchers emphasize personalized adjuvant therapies along with conventional ones. Targeted chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems and specific pathway-blocking agents using nanocarriers are a few of them. This study explored the nanocarrier roles and strategies to improve the treatment profile’s effectiveness by striving for TME. A biofunctionalized nanocarrier stimulates biosystem interaction, cellular uptake, immune system escape, and vascular changes for penetration into the TME. Inorganic metal compounds scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) through their photothermal effect. Stroma, hypoxia, pH, and immunity-modulating agents conjugated or modified nanocarriers co-administered with pathway-blocking or condition-modulating agents can regulate extracellular matrix (ECM), Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk receptors (TAM) regulation, regulatory T-cell (Treg) inhibition, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) inhibition. Again, biomimetic conjugation or the surface modification of nanocarriers using ligands can enhance active targeting efficacy by bypassing the TME. A carrier system with biofunctionalized inorganic metal compounds and organic compound complex-loaded drugs is convenient for NSCLC-targeted therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:23:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2ae5d7d97e4e4a3a8496758e96a70394 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:23:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2ae5d7d97e4e4a3a8496758e96a703942024-03-12T16:50:59ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-02-01295107610.3390/molecules29051076Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung CancerKangkan Sarma0Md Habban Akther1Irfan Ahmad2Obaid Afzal3Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi4Manal A. Alossaimi5Mariusz Jaremko6Abdul-Hamid Emwas7Preety Gautam8School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, IndiaSchool of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, IndiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaSmart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi ArabiaCore Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics (SoPPHI), DIT University, Dehradun 248009, IndiaLung cancer has the lowest survival rate due to its late-stage diagnosis, poor prognosis, and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. These factors decrease the effectiveness of treatment. They release chemokines and cytokines from the tumor microenvironment (TME). To improve the effectiveness of treatment, researchers emphasize personalized adjuvant therapies along with conventional ones. Targeted chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems and specific pathway-blocking agents using nanocarriers are a few of them. This study explored the nanocarrier roles and strategies to improve the treatment profile’s effectiveness by striving for TME. A biofunctionalized nanocarrier stimulates biosystem interaction, cellular uptake, immune system escape, and vascular changes for penetration into the TME. Inorganic metal compounds scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) through their photothermal effect. Stroma, hypoxia, pH, and immunity-modulating agents conjugated or modified nanocarriers co-administered with pathway-blocking or condition-modulating agents can regulate extracellular matrix (ECM), Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk receptors (TAM) regulation, regulatory T-cell (Treg) inhibition, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) inhibition. Again, biomimetic conjugation or the surface modification of nanocarriers using ligands can enhance active targeting efficacy by bypassing the TME. A carrier system with biofunctionalized inorganic metal compounds and organic compound complex-loaded drugs is convenient for NSCLC-targeted therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1076TMEnanocarrierlung cancervascular modificationPTTROS |
| spellingShingle | Kangkan Sarma Md Habban Akther Irfan Ahmad Obaid Afzal Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi Manal A. Alossaimi Mariusz Jaremko Abdul-Hamid Emwas Preety Gautam Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Molecules TME nanocarrier lung cancer vascular modification PTT ROS |
| title | Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer |
| title_full | Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer |
| title_short | Adjuvant Novel Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer |
| title_sort | adjuvant novel nanocarrier based targeted therapy for lung cancer |
| topic | TME nanocarrier lung cancer vascular modification PTT ROS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/5/1076 |
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