Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation
Evolution of microstructure and hardness in quenched ultrahigh carbon steel Fe-0.85Mo-0.6Si-1.4C by warm compression on a Bähr plastometer-dilatometer at 775 °C and at 0.001 to 1 s<sup>−1</sup> strain rate range is reported. The material was prepared via powder metallurgy: cold pressing...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/2/328 |
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| author | Piotr Nikiel Stefan Szczepanik Grzegorz Korpała |
| author_facet | Piotr Nikiel Stefan Szczepanik Grzegorz Korpała |
| author_sort | Piotr Nikiel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evolution of microstructure and hardness in quenched ultrahigh carbon steel Fe-0.85Mo-0.6Si-1.4C by warm compression on a Bähr plastometer-dilatometer at 775 °C and at 0.001 to 1 s<sup>−1</sup> strain rate range is reported. The material was prepared via powder metallurgy: cold pressing and liquid phase sintering. Independent of strain rate, the initial martenstic microstructure was transformed to ferrite and spheroidized cementite. Strain rate had an effect on size and shape of spheroidized Fe<sub>3</sub>C precipitates: the higher the strain rate, the smaller the precipitates. Morphology of the spheroidized carbides influenced hardness, with the highest hardness, 362 HV10, for strain rate 1 s<sup>−1</sup> and the lowest, 295 HV10, for the lowest strain rate 0.001 s<sup>−1</sup>. Resultant microstructure and ambient temperature mechanical properties were comparable to those of the material that had undergone a fully spheroidizing treatment with increased time and energy consumption, indicating that it can be dispensed with in industrial processing. All our results are consistent with the Hall–Petch relation developed for spheroidized steels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:53:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2af19596735e4bc1bd36879617bdef79 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:53:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2af19596735e4bc1bd36879617bdef792023-12-11T17:01:04ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012021-02-0111232810.3390/met11020328Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm DeformationPiotr Nikiel0Stefan Szczepanik1Grzegorz Korpała2Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Av. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, PolandFaculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Av. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, PolandInstitut für Metallformung, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Bernhard-Von-Cotta Str. 4, 09-599 Freiberg, GermanyEvolution of microstructure and hardness in quenched ultrahigh carbon steel Fe-0.85Mo-0.6Si-1.4C by warm compression on a Bähr plastometer-dilatometer at 775 °C and at 0.001 to 1 s<sup>−1</sup> strain rate range is reported. The material was prepared via powder metallurgy: cold pressing and liquid phase sintering. Independent of strain rate, the initial martenstic microstructure was transformed to ferrite and spheroidized cementite. Strain rate had an effect on size and shape of spheroidized Fe<sub>3</sub>C precipitates: the higher the strain rate, the smaller the precipitates. Morphology of the spheroidized carbides influenced hardness, with the highest hardness, 362 HV10, for strain rate 1 s<sup>−1</sup> and the lowest, 295 HV10, for the lowest strain rate 0.001 s<sup>−1</sup>. Resultant microstructure and ambient temperature mechanical properties were comparable to those of the material that had undergone a fully spheroidizing treatment with increased time and energy consumption, indicating that it can be dispensed with in industrial processing. All our results are consistent with the Hall–Petch relation developed for spheroidized steels.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/2/328ultrahigh carbon sintered steelwarm workingaccelerated spheroidizationmicrostructurehardness |
| spellingShingle | Piotr Nikiel Stefan Szczepanik Grzegorz Korpała Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation Metals ultrahigh carbon sintered steel warm working accelerated spheroidization microstructure hardness |
| title | Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation |
| title_full | Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation |
| title_fullStr | Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation |
| title_short | Accelerated Spheroidization of Cementite in Sintered Ultrahigh Carbon Steel by Warm Deformation |
| title_sort | accelerated spheroidization of cementite in sintered ultrahigh carbon steel by warm deformation |
| topic | ultrahigh carbon sintered steel warm working accelerated spheroidization microstructure hardness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/2/328 |
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