Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota
ObjectiveThis study was aimed to evaluate the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LC) and incorporated high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on gut microbiota, and the associations between changes in gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health-related p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.884550/full |
| _version_ | 1828533038484553728 |
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| author | Shengyan Sun On Kei Lei Jinlei Nie Qingde Shi Yuming Xu Zhaowei Kong |
| author_facet | Shengyan Sun On Kei Lei Jinlei Nie Qingde Shi Yuming Xu Zhaowei Kong |
| author_sort | Shengyan Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveThis study was aimed to evaluate the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LC) and incorporated high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on gut microbiota, and the associations between changes in gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health-related profiles.MethodsFifty overweight/obese Chinese females (age 22.2 ± 3.3 years, body mass index 25.1 ± 3.1 kg/m–2) were randomized to the groups of LC, LC and HIIT (LC-HIIT, 10 repetitions of 6-s sprints and 9-s rest), and LC and MICT group (LC-MICT, cycling at 50–60% V̇O2peak for 30 min). The LC-HIIT and LC-MICT experienced 20 training sessions over 4 weeks.ResultsThe 4-week LC intervention with/without additional training failed to change the Shannon, Chao 1, and Simpson indexes (p > 0.05), LC increased Phascolarctobacterium genus, and LC-HIIT reduced Bifidobacterium genus after intervention (p < 0.05). Groups with extra exercise training increased short-chain fatty acid-producing Blautia genus (p < 0.05) and reduced type 2 diabetes-related genus Alistipes (p < 0.05) compared to LC. Sutterella (r = −0.335) and Enterobacter (r = 0.334) were associated with changes in body composition (p < 0.05). Changes in Ruminococcus, Eubacterium, and Roseburia genera were positively associated with blood pressure (BP) changes (r = 0.392–0.445, p < 0.05), whereas the changes in Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Parabacteroides genera were negatively associated with BP changes (r = −0.567 to −0.362, p < 0.05).ConclusionLC intervention did not change the α-diversity and overall structure of gut microbiota. Combining LC with exercise training may have additional benefits on gut physiology. Specific microbial genera were associated with LC- and exercise-induced regulation of cardiometabolic health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:02:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2af265fa138040dcbe242da1da86a06e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:02:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-2af265fa138040dcbe242da1da86a06e2022-12-22T00:47:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-05-01910.3389/fnut.2022.884550884550Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut MicrobiotaShengyan Sun0On Kei Lei1Jinlei Nie2Qingde Shi3Yuming Xu4Zhaowei Kong5Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, ChinaFaculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, ChinaFaculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao SAR, ChinaFaculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macao SAR, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, ChinaFaculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, ChinaObjectiveThis study was aimed to evaluate the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LC) and incorporated high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on gut microbiota, and the associations between changes in gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health-related profiles.MethodsFifty overweight/obese Chinese females (age 22.2 ± 3.3 years, body mass index 25.1 ± 3.1 kg/m–2) were randomized to the groups of LC, LC and HIIT (LC-HIIT, 10 repetitions of 6-s sprints and 9-s rest), and LC and MICT group (LC-MICT, cycling at 50–60% V̇O2peak for 30 min). The LC-HIIT and LC-MICT experienced 20 training sessions over 4 weeks.ResultsThe 4-week LC intervention with/without additional training failed to change the Shannon, Chao 1, and Simpson indexes (p > 0.05), LC increased Phascolarctobacterium genus, and LC-HIIT reduced Bifidobacterium genus after intervention (p < 0.05). Groups with extra exercise training increased short-chain fatty acid-producing Blautia genus (p < 0.05) and reduced type 2 diabetes-related genus Alistipes (p < 0.05) compared to LC. Sutterella (r = −0.335) and Enterobacter (r = 0.334) were associated with changes in body composition (p < 0.05). Changes in Ruminococcus, Eubacterium, and Roseburia genera were positively associated with blood pressure (BP) changes (r = 0.392–0.445, p < 0.05), whereas the changes in Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Parabacteroides genera were negatively associated with BP changes (r = −0.567 to −0.362, p < 0.05).ConclusionLC intervention did not change the α-diversity and overall structure of gut microbiota. Combining LC with exercise training may have additional benefits on gut physiology. Specific microbial genera were associated with LC- and exercise-induced regulation of cardiometabolic health.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.884550/fullketogenic diethigh-intensity interval trainingmoderate-intensity continuous trainingmicrobiomeobesity |
| spellingShingle | Shengyan Sun On Kei Lei Jinlei Nie Qingde Shi Yuming Xu Zhaowei Kong Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota Frontiers in Nutrition ketogenic diet high-intensity interval training moderate-intensity continuous training microbiome obesity |
| title | Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota |
| title_full | Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota |
| title_short | Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Exercise Training on Gut Microbiota |
| title_sort | effects of low carbohydrate diet and exercise training on gut microbiota |
| topic | ketogenic diet high-intensity interval training moderate-intensity continuous training microbiome obesity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.884550/full |
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