Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression
Neuroendocrine plasticity and treatment-induced neuroendocrine phenotypes have recently been proposed as important resistance mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression. Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is highly aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate can...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/692 |
| _version_ | 1797412423434502144 |
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| author | Roosa Kaarijärvi Heidi Kaljunen Kirsi Ketola |
| author_facet | Roosa Kaarijärvi Heidi Kaljunen Kirsi Ketola |
| author_sort | Roosa Kaarijärvi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuroendocrine plasticity and treatment-induced neuroendocrine phenotypes have recently been proposed as important resistance mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression. Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is highly aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer which develops for one fifth of patients under prolonged androgen deprivation. In recent years, understanding of molecular features and phenotypic changes in neuroendocrine plasticity has been grown. However, there are still fundamental questions to be answered in this emerging research field, for example, why and how do the prostate cancer treatment-resistant cells acquire neuron-like phenotype. The advantages of the phenotypic change and the role of tumor microenvironment in controlling cellular plasticity and in the emergence of treatment-resistant aggressive forms of prostate cancer is mostly unknown. Here, we discuss the molecular and functional links between neurodevelopmental processes and treatment-induced neuroendocrine plasticity in prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance. We provide an overview of the emergence of neurite-like cells in neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells and whether the reported t-NEPC pathways and proteins relate to neurodevelopmental processes like neurogenesis and axonogenesis during the development of treatment resistance. We also discuss emerging novel therapeutic targets modulating neuroendocrine plasticity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:02:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b12f7f1e91641feb9355b41a634f8b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:02:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b12f7f1e91641feb9355b41a634f8b62023-12-03T12:58:14ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-02-0113469210.3390/cancers13040692Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer ProgressionRoosa Kaarijärvi0Heidi Kaljunen1Kirsi Ketola2Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70210 Kuopio, FinlandInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70210 Kuopio, FinlandInstitute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70210 Kuopio, FinlandNeuroendocrine plasticity and treatment-induced neuroendocrine phenotypes have recently been proposed as important resistance mechanisms underlying prostate cancer progression. Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC) is highly aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer which develops for one fifth of patients under prolonged androgen deprivation. In recent years, understanding of molecular features and phenotypic changes in neuroendocrine plasticity has been grown. However, there are still fundamental questions to be answered in this emerging research field, for example, why and how do the prostate cancer treatment-resistant cells acquire neuron-like phenotype. The advantages of the phenotypic change and the role of tumor microenvironment in controlling cellular plasticity and in the emergence of treatment-resistant aggressive forms of prostate cancer is mostly unknown. Here, we discuss the molecular and functional links between neurodevelopmental processes and treatment-induced neuroendocrine plasticity in prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance. We provide an overview of the emergence of neurite-like cells in neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells and whether the reported t-NEPC pathways and proteins relate to neurodevelopmental processes like neurogenesis and axonogenesis during the development of treatment resistance. We also discuss emerging novel therapeutic targets modulating neuroendocrine plasticity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/692prostate cancercancer cell plasticityneuroendocrine plasticitytreatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancerneuroendocrine differentiationnovel therapies |
| spellingShingle | Roosa Kaarijärvi Heidi Kaljunen Kirsi Ketola Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression Cancers prostate cancer cancer cell plasticity neuroendocrine plasticity treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation novel therapies |
| title | Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression |
| title_full | Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression |
| title_fullStr | Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression |
| title_short | Molecular and Functional Links between Neurodevelopmental Processes and Treatment-Induced Neuroendocrine Plasticity in Prostate Cancer Progression |
| title_sort | molecular and functional links between neurodevelopmental processes and treatment induced neuroendocrine plasticity in prostate cancer progression |
| topic | prostate cancer cancer cell plasticity neuroendocrine plasticity treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation novel therapies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/692 |
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