Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Hemocyanin is an important non-specific innate immune defense molecule with phenoloxidase, antiviral, antibacterial, hemolytic, and antitumor activities. To better understand the mechanism of functional diversity, proteomics approach was applied to characterize hemocyanin (HMC) expression profiles f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.772091/full |
| _version_ | 1819038085280694272 |
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| author | Xianliang Zhao Xianliang Zhao Jie Qiao Pei Zhang Zehui Zhang Jude Juventus Aweya Xiaohan Chen Yongzhen Zhao Yueling Zhang Yueling Zhang |
| author_facet | Xianliang Zhao Xianliang Zhao Jie Qiao Pei Zhang Zehui Zhang Jude Juventus Aweya Xiaohan Chen Yongzhen Zhao Yueling Zhang Yueling Zhang |
| author_sort | Xianliang Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hemocyanin is an important non-specific innate immune defense molecule with phenoloxidase, antiviral, antibacterial, hemolytic, and antitumor activities. To better understand the mechanism of functional diversity, proteomics approach was applied to characterize hemocyanin (HMC) expression profiles from Litopenaeus vannamei. At first, hemocyanin was purified by Sephadex G-100 and DEAE-cellulose (DE-52) columns from shrimp serum, and 34 protein spots were identified as HMC on the 2-DE gels. Furthermore, we found that 9 HMC spots about 75 or 77 kDa were regulated by Streptococcus agalactiae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection at 6, 12, and 24 h. In addition, 6 different pathogen-binding HMC fractions, viz., HMC-Mix, HMC-Vp, HMC-Va, HMC-Vf, HMC-Ec, and HMC-Sa, showed different agglutinative and antibacterial activities. Moreover, lectin-blotting analysis showed significant differences in glycosylation level among HMC isomers and bacteria-binding HMC fractions. Particularly, the agglutinative activities of the HMC fractions were almost completely abolished when HMC was deglycosylated by O-glycosidase, which suggest that O-linked sugar chains of HMC played important roles in the innate immune recognition. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that L. vannamei HMC had molecular diversity in protein level, which is closely associated with its ability to recognize diverse pathogens, whereas glycan modification probably contributed to HMC’s diversity and multiple immune activities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:31:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b17462955e54d3b9b44bb82c66e68be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:31:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b17462955e54d3b9b44bb82c66e68be2022-12-21T19:10:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-12-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.772091772091Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannameiXianliang Zhao0Xianliang Zhao1Jie Qiao2Pei Zhang3Zehui Zhang4Jude Juventus Aweya5Xiaohan Chen6Yongzhen Zhao7Yueling Zhang8Yueling Zhang9Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, ChinaInstitute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, ChinaInstitute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, ChinaInstitute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, ChinaInstitute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, ChinaInstitute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, ChinaSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, ChinaHemocyanin is an important non-specific innate immune defense molecule with phenoloxidase, antiviral, antibacterial, hemolytic, and antitumor activities. To better understand the mechanism of functional diversity, proteomics approach was applied to characterize hemocyanin (HMC) expression profiles from Litopenaeus vannamei. At first, hemocyanin was purified by Sephadex G-100 and DEAE-cellulose (DE-52) columns from shrimp serum, and 34 protein spots were identified as HMC on the 2-DE gels. Furthermore, we found that 9 HMC spots about 75 or 77 kDa were regulated by Streptococcus agalactiae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection at 6, 12, and 24 h. In addition, 6 different pathogen-binding HMC fractions, viz., HMC-Mix, HMC-Vp, HMC-Va, HMC-Vf, HMC-Ec, and HMC-Sa, showed different agglutinative and antibacterial activities. Moreover, lectin-blotting analysis showed significant differences in glycosylation level among HMC isomers and bacteria-binding HMC fractions. Particularly, the agglutinative activities of the HMC fractions were almost completely abolished when HMC was deglycosylated by O-glycosidase, which suggest that O-linked sugar chains of HMC played important roles in the innate immune recognition. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that L. vannamei HMC had molecular diversity in protein level, which is closely associated with its ability to recognize diverse pathogens, whereas glycan modification probably contributed to HMC’s diversity and multiple immune activities.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.772091/fullLitopenaseus vannameihemocyaninproteomics approachdiversitypathogen recognitionglycosylation |
| spellingShingle | Xianliang Zhao Xianliang Zhao Jie Qiao Pei Zhang Zehui Zhang Jude Juventus Aweya Xiaohan Chen Yongzhen Zhao Yueling Zhang Yueling Zhang Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Frontiers in Immunology Litopenaseus vannamei hemocyanin proteomics approach diversity pathogen recognition glycosylation |
| title | Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_full | Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_fullStr | Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_short | Protein Diversity and Immune Specificity of Hemocyanin From Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei |
| title_sort | protein diversity and immune specificity of hemocyanin from shrimp litopenaeus vannamei |
| topic | Litopenaseus vannamei hemocyanin proteomics approach diversity pathogen recognition glycosylation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.772091/full |
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