Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed
Additive manufacturing is especially suitable for complex-shaped 3D parts with integrated and optimized functionality realized by filigree geometries. Such designs benefit from low safety factors in mechanical layout. This demands ductile materials that reduce stress peaks by predictable plastic def...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/8/1/23 |
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| author | Michael Cornelius Hermann Karg Bhrigu Ahuja Sebastian Wiesenmayer Sergey Vyacheslavovich Kuryntsev Michael Schmidt |
| author_facet | Michael Cornelius Hermann Karg Bhrigu Ahuja Sebastian Wiesenmayer Sergey Vyacheslavovich Kuryntsev Michael Schmidt |
| author_sort | Michael Cornelius Hermann Karg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive manufacturing is especially suitable for complex-shaped 3D parts with integrated and optimized functionality realized by filigree geometries. Such designs benefit from low safety factors in mechanical layout. This demands ductile materials that reduce stress peaks by predictable plastic deformation instead of failure. Al–Cu wrought alloys are established materials meeting this requirement. Additionally, they provide high specific strengths. As the designation “Wrought Alloys” implies, they are intended for manufacturing by hot or cold working. When cast or welded, they are prone to solidification cracks. Al–Si fillers can alleviate this, but impair ductility. Being closely related to welding, Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed (LBM) of Al–Cu wrought alloys like EN AW-2219 can be considered challenging. In LBM of aluminium alloys, only easily-weldable Al–Si casting alloys have succeeded commercially today. This article discusses the influences of boundary conditions during LBM of EN AW-2219 on sample porosity and tensile test results, supported by metallographic microsections and fractography. Load direction was varied relative to LBM build-up direction. T6 heat treatment was applied to half of the samples. Pronounced anisotropy was observed. Remarkably, elongation at break of T6 specimens loaded along the build-up direction exceeded the values from literature for conventionally manufactured EN AW-2219 by a factor of two. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:16:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b19418b96924b9f9ec535cafa57870f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:16:31Z |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b19418b96924b9f9ec535cafa57870f2022-12-21T18:28:00ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2017-01-01812310.3390/mi8010023mi8010023Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder BedMichael Cornelius Hermann Karg0Bhrigu Ahuja1Sebastian Wiesenmayer2Sergey Vyacheslavovich Kuryntsev3Michael Schmidt4Institute of Photonic Technologies (LPT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyInstitute of Photonic Technologies (LPT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyInstitute of Photonic Technologies (LPT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Laser Technologies, Kazan National Research Technical University, K. Marx Str. 10, 420111 Kazan, RussiaInstitute of Photonic Technologies (LPT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 3/5, 91052 Erlangen, GermanyAdditive manufacturing is especially suitable for complex-shaped 3D parts with integrated and optimized functionality realized by filigree geometries. Such designs benefit from low safety factors in mechanical layout. This demands ductile materials that reduce stress peaks by predictable plastic deformation instead of failure. Al–Cu wrought alloys are established materials meeting this requirement. Additionally, they provide high specific strengths. As the designation “Wrought Alloys” implies, they are intended for manufacturing by hot or cold working. When cast or welded, they are prone to solidification cracks. Al–Si fillers can alleviate this, but impair ductility. Being closely related to welding, Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed (LBM) of Al–Cu wrought alloys like EN AW-2219 can be considered challenging. In LBM of aluminium alloys, only easily-weldable Al–Si casting alloys have succeeded commercially today. This article discusses the influences of boundary conditions during LBM of EN AW-2219 on sample porosity and tensile test results, supported by metallographic microsections and fractography. Load direction was varied relative to LBM build-up direction. T6 heat treatment was applied to half of the samples. Pronounced anisotropy was observed. Remarkably, elongation at break of T6 specimens loaded along the build-up direction exceeded the values from literature for conventionally manufactured EN AW-2219 by a factor of two.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/8/1/23additive manufacturing3D printingpowder bed fusionaluminium copper wrought alloy EN AW-2219AlCu6Mntensile testSelective Laser Melting™ |
| spellingShingle | Michael Cornelius Hermann Karg Bhrigu Ahuja Sebastian Wiesenmayer Sergey Vyacheslavovich Kuryntsev Michael Schmidt Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed Micromachines additive manufacturing 3D printing powder bed fusion aluminium copper wrought alloy EN AW-2219 AlCu6Mn tensile test Selective Laser Melting™ |
| title | Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed |
| title_full | Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed |
| title_short | Effects of Process Conditions on the Mechanical Behavior of Aluminium Wrought Alloy EN AW-2219 (AlCu6Mn) Additively Manufactured by Laser Beam Melting in Powder Bed |
| title_sort | effects of process conditions on the mechanical behavior of aluminium wrought alloy en aw 2219 alcu6mn additively manufactured by laser beam melting in powder bed |
| topic | additive manufacturing 3D printing powder bed fusion aluminium copper wrought alloy EN AW-2219 AlCu6Mn tensile test Selective Laser Melting™ |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/8/1/23 |
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