Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber.
BACKGROUND:South American leaf blight (SALB) of rubber has been the main constraint to production in its neotropical centre of origin since commercial plantations were first established. The fungal causal agent was identified and described more than a century ago but its precise placement within the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4134235?pdf=render |
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| author | Braz Tavares da Hora Júnior Davi Mesquita de Macedo Robert Weingart Barreto Harry C Evans Carlos Raimundo Reis Mattos Luiz Antonio Maffia Eduardo S G Mizubuti |
| author_facet | Braz Tavares da Hora Júnior Davi Mesquita de Macedo Robert Weingart Barreto Harry C Evans Carlos Raimundo Reis Mattos Luiz Antonio Maffia Eduardo S G Mizubuti |
| author_sort | Braz Tavares da Hora Júnior |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND:South American leaf blight (SALB) of rubber has been the main constraint to production in its neotropical centre of origin since commercial plantations were first established. The fungal causal agent was identified and described more than a century ago but its precise placement within the Ascomycota still remains uncertain. Indeed, such is the ambiguity surrounding the pathogen that each of the spore morphs would, according to their present classification, be placed in different ascomycete families: the Microcyclus sexual morph in the Planistromellaceae and the two purported asexual morphs--Fusicladium and Aposphaeria--in the Venturiaceae and Lophiostomataceae, respectively. Given the historical importance of the fungus and the ever-menacing threat that it poses to rubber production in the Palaeotropics--and, thus to the rubber industry and to the global economy--its phylogeny, as well as its biology, should be resolved as a matter of urgency. METHODS AND RESULTS:Here, six genomic regions (LSU rRNA, mtSSU, MCM7, EF-1α, Act and ITS) were used for reconstructing the molecular phylogeny of the SALB fungus based on material collected throughout Brazil. The analyses support the classification of the fungus in the family Mycosphaerellaceae s. str. (Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes) and place it firmly within the clade Pseudocercospora s. str., now accepted as one of the distinct genera within Mycosphaerellaceae. The new combination Pseudocercospora ulei is proposed and the life cycle of the fungus is confirmed, based on both experimental and phylogenetic evidence, with the Aposphaeria morph shown to have a spermatial rather than an infective-dispersal function. CONCLUSIONS:Because the phylogeny of the SALB fungus has now been clarified, new insights of its epidemiology and genomics can be gained following comparison with closely-related, better-researched crop pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:50:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b1d4fd8f79649bf9bdfdd0bca8087ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:50:09Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b1d4fd8f79649bf9bdfdd0bca8087ff2022-12-21T18:53:47ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-0198e10475010.1371/journal.pone.0104750Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber.Braz Tavares da Hora JúniorDavi Mesquita de MacedoRobert Weingart BarretoHarry C EvansCarlos Raimundo Reis MattosLuiz Antonio MaffiaEduardo S G MizubutiBACKGROUND:South American leaf blight (SALB) of rubber has been the main constraint to production in its neotropical centre of origin since commercial plantations were first established. The fungal causal agent was identified and described more than a century ago but its precise placement within the Ascomycota still remains uncertain. Indeed, such is the ambiguity surrounding the pathogen that each of the spore morphs would, according to their present classification, be placed in different ascomycete families: the Microcyclus sexual morph in the Planistromellaceae and the two purported asexual morphs--Fusicladium and Aposphaeria--in the Venturiaceae and Lophiostomataceae, respectively. Given the historical importance of the fungus and the ever-menacing threat that it poses to rubber production in the Palaeotropics--and, thus to the rubber industry and to the global economy--its phylogeny, as well as its biology, should be resolved as a matter of urgency. METHODS AND RESULTS:Here, six genomic regions (LSU rRNA, mtSSU, MCM7, EF-1α, Act and ITS) were used for reconstructing the molecular phylogeny of the SALB fungus based on material collected throughout Brazil. The analyses support the classification of the fungus in the family Mycosphaerellaceae s. str. (Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes) and place it firmly within the clade Pseudocercospora s. str., now accepted as one of the distinct genera within Mycosphaerellaceae. The new combination Pseudocercospora ulei is proposed and the life cycle of the fungus is confirmed, based on both experimental and phylogenetic evidence, with the Aposphaeria morph shown to have a spermatial rather than an infective-dispersal function. CONCLUSIONS:Because the phylogeny of the SALB fungus has now been clarified, new insights of its epidemiology and genomics can be gained following comparison with closely-related, better-researched crop pathogens.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4134235?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Braz Tavares da Hora Júnior Davi Mesquita de Macedo Robert Weingart Barreto Harry C Evans Carlos Raimundo Reis Mattos Luiz Antonio Maffia Eduardo S G Mizubuti Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. PLoS ONE |
| title | Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. |
| title_full | Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. |
| title_fullStr | Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. |
| title_short | Erasing the past: a new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. |
| title_sort | erasing the past a new identity for the damoclean pathogen causing south american leaf blight of rubber |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4134235?pdf=render |
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