Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine
With the improvement in neonatal rescue technology, the survival rate of critically ill preterm infants has substantially increased; however, the incidence of brain injury and sequelae in surviving preterm infants has concomitantly increased. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of preterm brain i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.724161/full |
| _version_ | 1818689913234653184 |
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| author | Liu Yang Liu Yang Xuefei Yu Yajun Zhang Na Liu Xindong Xue Jianhua Fu |
| author_facet | Liu Yang Liu Yang Xuefei Yu Yajun Zhang Na Liu Xindong Xue Jianhua Fu |
| author_sort | Liu Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the improvement in neonatal rescue technology, the survival rate of critically ill preterm infants has substantially increased; however, the incidence of brain injury and sequelae in surviving preterm infants has concomitantly increased. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of preterm brain injury, and its prevention and treatment have been investigated in recent years, powerful and effective neuroprotective strategies are lacking. Caffeine is an emerging neuroprotective drug, and its benefits have been widely recognized; however, its effects depend on the dose of caffeine administered, the neurodevelopmental stage at the time of administration, and the duration of exposure. The main mechanisms of caffeine involve adenosine receptor antagonism, phosphodiesterase inhibition, calcium ion activation, and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonism. Studies have shown that there are both direct and indirect beneficial effects of caffeine on the immature brain. Accordingly, this article briefly reviews the pharmacological characteristics of caffeine, its mechanism of action in the context of encephalopathy in premature infants, and its use in the neuroprotection of encephalopathy in this patient population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T12:17:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b21fa4b2e114b04b54824b933d2f3d3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T12:17:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b21fa4b2e114b04b54824b933d2f3d32022-12-21T21:49:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602021-10-01910.3389/fped.2021.724161724161Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With CaffeineLiu Yang0Liu Yang1Xuefei Yu2Yajun Zhang3Na Liu4Xindong Xue5Jianhua Fu6Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Dalian Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dalian, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, ChinaWith the improvement in neonatal rescue technology, the survival rate of critically ill preterm infants has substantially increased; however, the incidence of brain injury and sequelae in surviving preterm infants has concomitantly increased. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of preterm brain injury, and its prevention and treatment have been investigated in recent years, powerful and effective neuroprotective strategies are lacking. Caffeine is an emerging neuroprotective drug, and its benefits have been widely recognized; however, its effects depend on the dose of caffeine administered, the neurodevelopmental stage at the time of administration, and the duration of exposure. The main mechanisms of caffeine involve adenosine receptor antagonism, phosphodiesterase inhibition, calcium ion activation, and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonism. Studies have shown that there are both direct and indirect beneficial effects of caffeine on the immature brain. Accordingly, this article briefly reviews the pharmacological characteristics of caffeine, its mechanism of action in the context of encephalopathy in premature infants, and its use in the neuroprotection of encephalopathy in this patient population.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.724161/fullcaffeinepremature infantsbrain damageencephalopathyneurological |
| spellingShingle | Liu Yang Liu Yang Xuefei Yu Yajun Zhang Na Liu Xindong Xue Jianhua Fu Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine Frontiers in Pediatrics caffeine premature infants brain damage encephalopathy neurological |
| title | Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine |
| title_full | Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine |
| title_fullStr | Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine |
| title_short | Encephalopathy in Preterm Infants: Advances in Neuroprotection With Caffeine |
| title_sort | encephalopathy in preterm infants advances in neuroprotection with caffeine |
| topic | caffeine premature infants brain damage encephalopathy neurological |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.724161/full |
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