Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves
During the initial months of calves’ lives, the young animals are exposed to bacterial and viral infections, and during this period, crucial physiological changes take place in their organisms. Offering calves feed additives that will have a beneficial influence on their organisms and improve their...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5163 |
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| author | Ewelina Szacawa Katarzyna Dudek Magdalena Wasiak Dariusz Bednarek Dorota Bederska-Łojewska Bożena Muszyńska Marek Pieszka |
| author_facet | Ewelina Szacawa Katarzyna Dudek Magdalena Wasiak Dariusz Bednarek Dorota Bederska-Łojewska Bożena Muszyńska Marek Pieszka |
| author_sort | Ewelina Szacawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the initial months of calves’ lives, the young animals are exposed to bacterial and viral infections, and during this period, crucial physiological changes take place in their organisms. Offering calves feed additives that will have a beneficial influence on their organisms and improve their growth while reducing the morbidity rate is the optimal task of feeding. This is the first study to investigate the effect of experimental supplementation for calves with the combination of two feed additives—one containing <i>Lentinula</i> <i>edodes</i> enriched with selenium (Se), and the second containing pancreatic-like enzymes, fat-coated organic acids, sodium butyrate, and silicon dioxide nanoparticles—on the serum Se concentration, selected immune parameters, and the average daily gains in the calves. During the study, the serum Se concentration was examined by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the immunoglobulin and cytokine concentrations with ELISA assays. The white blood cell (WBC) count with leukocyte differentiation was examined with the use of a hematological analyzer, and the percentages of subpopulations of T lymphocytes and monocytes, phagocytic activity, and oxidative burst of monocytes and granulocytes with the use of a flow cytometer. The average daily gains of the calves were also evaluated. In summary, the supplementation of the experimental calves with the combination of two feed additives resulted in significantly higher serum Se concentrations, and the immune systems of the calves were not suppressed while the examined feed additives were being delivered. Although not statistically significant, some positive effects on the calves were seen: a tendency towards the improvement of some of the immune parameters evaluated, and a tendency for higher average daily gains in the calves. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:02:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b3ca97fd581465ab184d26111706cc8 |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:02:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b3ca97fd581465ab184d26111706cc82023-12-03T14:11:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-08-012716516310.3390/molecules27165163Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in CalvesEwelina Szacawa0Katarzyna Dudek1Magdalena Wasiak2Dariusz Bednarek3Dorota Bederska-Łojewska4Bożena Muszyńska5Marek Pieszka6Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Pathology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, PolandDuring the initial months of calves’ lives, the young animals are exposed to bacterial and viral infections, and during this period, crucial physiological changes take place in their organisms. Offering calves feed additives that will have a beneficial influence on their organisms and improve their growth while reducing the morbidity rate is the optimal task of feeding. This is the first study to investigate the effect of experimental supplementation for calves with the combination of two feed additives—one containing <i>Lentinula</i> <i>edodes</i> enriched with selenium (Se), and the second containing pancreatic-like enzymes, fat-coated organic acids, sodium butyrate, and silicon dioxide nanoparticles—on the serum Se concentration, selected immune parameters, and the average daily gains in the calves. During the study, the serum Se concentration was examined by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the immunoglobulin and cytokine concentrations with ELISA assays. The white blood cell (WBC) count with leukocyte differentiation was examined with the use of a hematological analyzer, and the percentages of subpopulations of T lymphocytes and monocytes, phagocytic activity, and oxidative burst of monocytes and granulocytes with the use of a flow cytometer. The average daily gains of the calves were also evaluated. In summary, the supplementation of the experimental calves with the combination of two feed additives resulted in significantly higher serum Se concentrations, and the immune systems of the calves were not suppressed while the examined feed additives were being delivered. Although not statistically significant, some positive effects on the calves were seen: a tendency towards the improvement of some of the immune parameters evaluated, and a tendency for higher average daily gains in the calves.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5163feed additivemycelial culture<i>Lentinula edodes</i>calvesseleniumimmune response |
| spellingShingle | Ewelina Szacawa Katarzyna Dudek Magdalena Wasiak Dariusz Bednarek Dorota Bederska-Łojewska Bożena Muszyńska Marek Pieszka Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves Molecules feed additive mycelial culture <i>Lentinula edodes</i> calves selenium immune response |
| title | Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves |
| title_full | Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves |
| title_short | Effect of Supplementation with the Combination of Se-Enriched <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelium, Exogenous Enzymes, Acidifiers, Sodium Butyrate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Feed Additives on Selected Parameters in Calves |
| title_sort | effect of supplementation with the combination of se enriched i lentinula edodes i mycelium exogenous enzymes acidifiers sodium butyrate and silicon dioxide nanoparticle feed additives on selected parameters in calves |
| topic | feed additive mycelial culture <i>Lentinula edodes</i> calves selenium immune response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/16/5163 |
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