Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia
Aynias Seid,1,2 Yilak Girma,3 Ayenesh Abebe,3 Eseye Dereb,3 Meseret Kassa,3 Nega Berhane2 1Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre-Tabor University, Debre-Tabor, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gonda...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/characteristics-of-tbhiv-co-infection-and-patterns-of-multidrug-resist-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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| author | Seid A Girma Y Abebe A Dereb E Kassa M Berhane N |
| author_facet | Seid A Girma Y Abebe A Dereb E Kassa M Berhane N |
| author_sort | Seid A |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aynias Seid,1,2 Yilak Girma,3 Ayenesh Abebe,3 Eseye Dereb,3 Meseret Kassa,3 Nega Berhane2 1Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre-Tabor University, Debre-Tabor, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3TB Culture Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Aynias Seid, Email ayniasseid2@gmail.comBackground: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has continued to be a serious public health threat and significantly challenges global TB control and prevention efforts, where the TB/HIV co-infection epidemic makes the situation much worse. The aim of the study was to determine the determinant factors associated with patterns of MDR-TB among pulmonary TB patients in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2022 to February 2023 in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia. Data on the participants’ socio-demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained using a pre-tested checklist. Phenotypic susceptibility testing to first-line anti-TB drugs was performed on 180 isolates by automated BD BACTEC MGIT 960 system. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of risk factors with patterns of MDR-TB. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The overall proportion of TB with HIV co-infected cases was 19.8% (50/252). Culture positivity was confirmed in 203/252 (80.6%) of sputum samples. Among 168 isolates, the DST showed that 119 (70.8%) isolates were pan-susceptible to all first-line drugs and prevalence of any resistance to first-line drugs was 49,168 (29.2%). Among the resistant isolates, 28 (16.7%) were any mono-resistance and 12 (7.1%) were determined to be resistant to MDR-TB. TB with a previous TB treatment (aOR = 6.73, 95% CI: 1.78– 25.47, p = 0.005) and HIV co-infected (aOR = 0.252, 95% CI: 0.73– 0.875, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with MDR-TB.Conclusion: Higher prevalence of TB and MDR-TB was examined among TB patients in the study area. In the study, history of previous TB treatment was the strongest risk factor MDR-TB infection followed by TB with HIV co-infected cases. Therefore, there is a need of strengthening TB control and prevention programs to reduce the increase of TB incidence, further emergence and transmission of a public health threat of MDR-TB cases.Keywords: drug resistance, MDR-TB, prevalence, risk factors, TB/HIV co-infection |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:50:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b4f4a46990b494388a31648ea314fe0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6973 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:50:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b4f4a46990b494388a31648ea314fe02023-07-02T19:49:16ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732023-06-01Volume 163829384584506Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, EthiopiaSeid AGirma YAbebe ADereb EKassa MBerhane NAynias Seid,1,2 Yilak Girma,3 Ayenesh Abebe,3 Eseye Dereb,3 Meseret Kassa,3 Nega Berhane2 1Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre-Tabor University, Debre-Tabor, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3TB Culture Laboratory, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Aynias Seid, Email ayniasseid2@gmail.comBackground: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has continued to be a serious public health threat and significantly challenges global TB control and prevention efforts, where the TB/HIV co-infection epidemic makes the situation much worse. The aim of the study was to determine the determinant factors associated with patterns of MDR-TB among pulmonary TB patients in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2022 to February 2023 in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia. Data on the participants’ socio-demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained using a pre-tested checklist. Phenotypic susceptibility testing to first-line anti-TB drugs was performed on 180 isolates by automated BD BACTEC MGIT 960 system. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of risk factors with patterns of MDR-TB. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The overall proportion of TB with HIV co-infected cases was 19.8% (50/252). Culture positivity was confirmed in 203/252 (80.6%) of sputum samples. Among 168 isolates, the DST showed that 119 (70.8%) isolates were pan-susceptible to all first-line drugs and prevalence of any resistance to first-line drugs was 49,168 (29.2%). Among the resistant isolates, 28 (16.7%) were any mono-resistance and 12 (7.1%) were determined to be resistant to MDR-TB. TB with a previous TB treatment (aOR = 6.73, 95% CI: 1.78– 25.47, p = 0.005) and HIV co-infected (aOR = 0.252, 95% CI: 0.73– 0.875, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with MDR-TB.Conclusion: Higher prevalence of TB and MDR-TB was examined among TB patients in the study area. In the study, history of previous TB treatment was the strongest risk factor MDR-TB infection followed by TB with HIV co-infected cases. Therefore, there is a need of strengthening TB control and prevention programs to reduce the increase of TB incidence, further emergence and transmission of a public health threat of MDR-TB cases.Keywords: drug resistance, MDR-TB, prevalence, risk factors, TB/HIV co-infectionhttps://www.dovepress.com/characteristics-of-tbhiv-co-infection-and-patterns-of-multidrug-resist-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDRdrug resistancemdr-tbprevalencerisk factorstb/hiv co-infection. |
| spellingShingle | Seid A Girma Y Abebe A Dereb E Kassa M Berhane N Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia Infection and Drug Resistance drug resistance mdr-tb prevalence risk factors tb/hiv co-infection. |
| title | Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia |
| title_full | Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia |
| title_short | Characteristics of TB/HIV Co-Infection and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistance Tuberculosis in the Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia |
| title_sort | characteristics of tb hiv co infection and patterns of multidrug resistance tuberculosis in the northwest amhara ethiopia |
| topic | drug resistance mdr-tb prevalence risk factors tb/hiv co-infection. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/characteristics-of-tbhiv-co-infection-and-patterns-of-multidrug-resist-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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