Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach
Nemertea is a phylum of nonsegmented worms (supraphylum: Spiralia), also known as ribbon worms. The members of this phylum contain various toxins, including peptide toxins. Here, we provide a transcriptomic analysis of peptide toxins in 14 nemertean species, including <i>Cephalothrix</i>...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/8/542 |
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| author | Anna E. Vlasenko Vasiliy G. Kuznetsov Timur Yu. Magarlamov |
| author_facet | Anna E. Vlasenko Vasiliy G. Kuznetsov Timur Yu. Magarlamov |
| author_sort | Anna E. Vlasenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nemertea is a phylum of nonsegmented worms (supraphylum: Spiralia), also known as ribbon worms. The members of this phylum contain various toxins, including peptide toxins. Here, we provide a transcriptomic analysis of peptide toxins in 14 nemertean species, including <i>Cephalothrix</i> cf. <i>simula</i>, which was sequenced in the current study. The summarized data show that the number of toxin transcripts in the studied nemerteans varied from 12 to 82. The most represented groups of toxins were enzymes and ion channel inhibitors, which, in total, reached a proportion of 72% in some species, and the least represented were pore-forming toxins and neurotoxins, the total proportion of which did not exceed 18%. The study revealed that nemerteans possess a much greater variety of toxins than previously thought and showed that these animals are a promising object for the investigation of venom diversity and evolution, and in the search for new peptide toxins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:45:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b6eaca83c0a40c0987bad9ba8e04cef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:45:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b6eaca83c0a40c0987bad9ba8e04cef2023-12-03T14:35:29ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512022-08-0114854210.3390/toxins14080542Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic ApproachAnna E. Vlasenko0Vasiliy G. Kuznetsov1Timur Yu. Magarlamov2A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaA.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaA.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaNemertea is a phylum of nonsegmented worms (supraphylum: Spiralia), also known as ribbon worms. The members of this phylum contain various toxins, including peptide toxins. Here, we provide a transcriptomic analysis of peptide toxins in 14 nemertean species, including <i>Cephalothrix</i> cf. <i>simula</i>, which was sequenced in the current study. The summarized data show that the number of toxin transcripts in the studied nemerteans varied from 12 to 82. The most represented groups of toxins were enzymes and ion channel inhibitors, which, in total, reached a proportion of 72% in some species, and the least represented were pore-forming toxins and neurotoxins, the total proportion of which did not exceed 18%. The study revealed that nemerteans possess a much greater variety of toxins than previously thought and showed that these animals are a promising object for the investigation of venom diversity and evolution, and in the search for new peptide toxins.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/8/542ribbon wormsnemertean toxinspeptide toxinstranscriptomics |
| spellingShingle | Anna E. Vlasenko Vasiliy G. Kuznetsov Timur Yu. Magarlamov Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach Toxins ribbon worms nemertean toxins peptide toxins transcriptomics |
| title | Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach |
| title_full | Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach |
| title_short | Investigation of Peptide Toxin Diversity in Ribbon Worms (Nemertea) Using a Transcriptomic Approach |
| title_sort | investigation of peptide toxin diversity in ribbon worms nemertea using a transcriptomic approach |
| topic | ribbon worms nemertean toxins peptide toxins transcriptomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/8/542 |
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