Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle
In cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This means the early identification of risk factors is...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/21/3390 |
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| author | Zoltán Szelényi Ottó Szenci Szilárd Bodó Levente Kovács |
| author_facet | Zoltán Szelényi Ottó Szenci Szilárd Bodó Levente Kovács |
| author_sort | Zoltán Szelényi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This means the early identification of risk factors is a key part of pregnancy diagnosis and herd management. The various factors responsible for pregnancy losses are classified into infectious and noninfectious. Among the noninfectious causes, several dam-related (circumstances of the individual pregnancy or milk production) and herd-related factors causing stress have been well established. In this review, we summarize the impacts of these noninfectious factors and predict associated risks of pregnancy loss. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:34:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2b74fc86b157426fa61c2acf6773d062 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:34:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2b74fc86b157426fa61c2acf6773d0622023-11-10T14:57:57ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-11-011321339010.3390/ani13213390Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy CattleZoltán Szelényi0Ottó Szenci1Szilárd Bodó2Levente Kovács3Department of Obstetrics and Farm Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Obstetrics and Farm Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1078 Budapest, HungaryInstitute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, HungaryInstitute of Animal Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Gödöllő, HungaryIn cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This means the early identification of risk factors is a key part of pregnancy diagnosis and herd management. The various factors responsible for pregnancy losses are classified into infectious and noninfectious. Among the noninfectious causes, several dam-related (circumstances of the individual pregnancy or milk production) and herd-related factors causing stress have been well established. In this review, we summarize the impacts of these noninfectious factors and predict associated risks of pregnancy loss.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/21/3390cattlepregnancy losspredictionnoninfectiousstress |
| spellingShingle | Zoltán Szelényi Ottó Szenci Szilárd Bodó Levente Kovács Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle Animals cattle pregnancy loss prediction noninfectious stress |
| title | Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle |
| title_full | Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle |
| title_short | Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle |
| title_sort | noninfectious causes of pregnancy loss at the late embryonic early fetal stage in dairy cattle |
| topic | cattle pregnancy loss prediction noninfectious stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/21/3390 |
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